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这种比头发还细的丝线取自稀有贝类,制成的衣物极其珍贵
2017-09-15 07:31:56 中国青年网
海丝是一种听起来更像是传说中的东西,它是从稀有的耳廓扇贝(Pinna nobilis)中提取的天然丝线,在阳光下会发散着金色的光芒,它几乎没有任何重量,细度只有人类头发的三分之一。
据奇妙之旅网9月13日报道,耳廓扇贝(Pinna nobilis)是一种巨大的海洋软体动物,可以长到一码(约91厘米)长,平时附着在海底和岩石上,它们分泌出来的蛋白物质在与海水的接触过程中就会变成丝,也就是世界上最珍贵的丝线——海丝。
关于海丝的制作总是带有一些神话色彩,它们曾出现在古代的神话故事中,最早可以追溯到2、3世纪,希腊作家甚至把海丝比做海洋里的金色羊毛。13世纪的阿拉伯故事里,把海丝当作某些动物生长的毛发,由于海丝的美丽和稀有,一件由海丝织成的衣服价值超过一千枚金币。
上个世纪50年代,撒丁岛南岸是世界上少数几个生产海丝的地方,一位名叫Efisia的海丝编织者将她的知识传授给了很多人。首先他们会把收获的海丝泡在海水里,然后再换成淡水浸泡,接着会用女人们使用的梳子把海丝梳开,再把海丝纺成细线,用柠檬水浸泡会让海丝的颜色更加明亮,变成金色。在Smithsonian博物馆还有一只由海丝和羊毛混合织成的手套。
1992年,欧盟实施了一项全面禁令,这些人再也不能入海收集海丝了,偶尔有渔夫捕捞上的死掉蛤蚌,但身上的海丝已经所剩无几,这样海丝就显的更加稀有和昂贵。德国的自然历史博物馆至今还存有一个来自17世纪的海丝长袜。在世界各地博物馆收藏中,大约有60件海丝织成的衣物,它们都有着古老的历史,极其珍贵。纺织海丝的渔民Vigo,曾拒绝了一位日本商人开价299万美元(约1960万人民币)想要订做的衣服。
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