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综述:飓风“艾尔玛”将袭 美民众撤离遇难题

2017-09-08 20:11:54   新华网

新华社华盛顿9月8日电 综述:飓风“艾尔玛”将袭 美民众撤离遇难题

新华社记者孙丁 刘阳

随着在加勒比海上肆虐的飓风“艾尔玛”向美国南部靠近,佛罗里达州大量民众正加速撤离潜在受灾地区。然而,大规模撤离引发的严重交通拥堵、燃油供应不足、航空运力有限等问题成为当地民众撤离之路上的“拦路石”。

五级飓风“艾尔玛”是有气象记录以来大西洋上最强飓风。连日来,“艾尔玛”重创多个加勒比海东北部海岛,造成大量房屋被毁、至少14人丧生。

据美国国家飓风研究中心预测,飓风“艾尔玛”风眼将于当地时间10日早间从佛罗里达群岛登陆,然后沿大西洋海岸线移动。佛州人口密集的东海岸可能成为受影响最严重的地区之一。

近日,迈阿密-戴德县、布劳沃德县、棕榈滩县等地近百万民众接到政府强制撤离令,另有多个濒临大西洋的地区也收到自愿撤离令。

然而,佛州民众的撤离之路并不顺畅。

首先,当地舆论担心佛州向北的各主要公路在大规模撤离的情况下或将出现严重交通拥堵。媒体列举飓风“弗洛伊德”和“丽塔”在1999年和2005年登陆美国南部时,当时政府都提前发出了撤离令,但随后数百万民众开车撤离时造成大范围交通拥堵,大量当地民众被迫滞留。

根据佛州交通部门7日公布的数据,莱克城向北的75号州际公路路段车流量达到4000辆,是平常的四倍;科利尔县境内75号州际公路路段车流量接近1800辆,是往常三倍。其他路段也出现车流量增加的情况。

与此同时,通过公路大规模撤离还会导致燃油供应出现问题。据美国媒体报道,迈阿密目前只有约一半的加油站处于营业状态,撤离灾区的汽车在加油站前排起了长队,车辆需要等待至少一个小时才能加上油。

此外,受飓风天气影响,佛州南部的航空运力也十分有限。佛州南部沿海地区机场可能从本周末起开始停运,多家航空公司正设法增加航班数量。美国航空和美联航已分别增加16趟和6趟飞离迈阿密的航班。达美航空通过使用更大飞机和增加航班数量使座位增加2000个。不过,这些航空公司均表示将于8日开始大幅减少在佛罗里达州南部的航班数量。

一些航空公司还对机票价格进行了限制。但不少民众抱怨说,如果航班满员或被取消,限制票价并无意义。

“艾尔玛”可能成为近期登陆美国大陆的第二个四级或四级以上飓风。四级飓风“哈维”8月25日登陆得克萨斯州,给包括休斯敦在内的得州南部多地带来持续强降水,并引发洪涝灾害,迄今已造成60多人死亡。

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