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白宫取消移民特赦 80万“追梦人”梦难圆

2017-09-06 17:50:40   新华网

新华社北京9月6日电(全球热点)白宫取消移民特赦 80万“追梦人”梦难圆

新华社记者

美国司法部长塞申斯5日宣布废除“童年抵美者暂缓遣返”(DACA计划),约80万年幼时被父母带入美国的青少年非法移民“美国梦”面临破灭。

分析人士指出,特朗普政府此举将引发美国自由派人士和移民群体强烈反对,进一步加深美国政治和社会分裂。

【新闻事实】

美国国土安全部当日发表声明说,此后不再处理任何新递交的DACA计划许可申请,现有政策享受者在明年3月5日前不受影响;原有许可到期时间如在此日期之前,持有者可以申请延期两年,但必须在10月5日前递交申请。国会将有半年时间通过立法手段寻求替代政策。

DACA计划允许2007年以前进入美国的16岁以下非法移民被暂缓遣返,并可申请为期两年的工作许可。这一约80万人的群体被称为“追梦人”,多数为拉美裔。

美国总统特朗普在声明中敦促国会进行移民制度改革,称将以“美国公民优先”的方式解决移民问题。当天,他还在推特上发文称:“国会,准备干活了。DACA计划。”在经过夏季休会后,美国国会从5日开始工作。

特朗普政府指责DACA计划让非法移民抢走了成千上万美国人的工作,还称这个计划使美国西南边境没有成人陪伴的未成年非法移民人数激增,造成人道主义危机,部分从中美洲来的年轻人成为黑帮成员。

DACA计划受益人主要来自墨西哥等拉美国家。墨西哥政府发表声明,对特朗普废除DACA计划深表遗憾,并表示将加强对受影响墨西哥公民的领事保护。

【深度分析】

特朗普竞选期间承诺“反移民”。现代国际关系研究院美国问题专家孙成昊认为,废除DACA计划首先是部分兑现竞选承诺,获取特朗普重要支持者美国白人中产阶级和蓝领工人的认同。

中国社会科学院美国问题专家刁大明认为,近期,特朗普废除“奥巴马医改”落空、税改一筹莫展、应对飓风不力,在支持率每况愈下的情况下,特朗普急需作出姿态,回馈选民“基本盘”,兑现竞选承诺。而DACA计划仅仅是行政命令,没有立法保证,废除它几乎毫无成本,又可将替代方案的制定踢给国会。“可以说,特朗普采取这项零成本的行为,可以有效兑现竞选承诺,展现出自己的行动力。”

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