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外媒:废旧钞难阻 “黑色经济” 新行贿方式仍在印盛行

2017-09-06 14:05:40   中国网

据新加坡《联合早报》9月6日报道,印度总理莫迪为打击贪腐,于2016年11月大规模废除高面值纸钞,这项措施实施至今将近10个月。但美国风险机构表示,废钞运动对“黑色经济”(又称地下经济)作用甚微,印度贪污风气以新的贿赂方式盛行。

报道称,印度是全球现金使用率最高的国家之一,而在世界银行发布的营商环境排行榜上,印度在144个国家和地区中名列第130位。

美国风险管理咨询公司麦肯锡(McKinsey)在《反贿赂与贪污基准报告》中指出,自印度政府废旧钞、换新钞以打击高面额现金交易以来,赠送土地、房子、名表或赞助豪华海外旅游已取代现金贿赂,成为更受欢迎的新行贿方式。

印度的黑色经济规模庞大,麦肯锡2013年的数据显示,黑色经济占印度2万亿美元(约合人民币13万亿元)国内生产总值(GDP)的1/4,全球名列第六。

纽约投资咨询公司Kroll(印度)常务董事巴蒂亚说,废除旧钞或许给行贿与受贿双方带来一些阻碍,但这并没有拖垮整体黑色经济,“透明度方面是有些微进步,信用卡等塑料货币的使用量也增加了,但黑金活动并未全部消失殆尽。”

在印度进行投资的风险不止于贪腐问题,巴蒂亚表示,一旦遇到棘手问题,外国投资者想要全身而退并不容易,这是因为印度的司法制度欠缺完善,诉讼程序冗长,拖延情况时有发生。

此外,虽然印度政府已制定了破产法,但投资者仍须对一些用于洗钱的空壳公司提高警惕。据报道,至今有30万个空壳公司被当局查获。(实习编辑:周思敏审核:田瑞哲)

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