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英日自贸谈判貌合神离

2017-09-04 09:11:02   中国经济网

英国首相特雷莎·梅日前对日本进行了为期三天的正式访问。日本是梅在今年6月当选英国首相后正式访问的首个亚洲国家,此行除了双方在网络安全、防务、反恐等领域的磋商外,外界普遍关注英国“脱欧”背景下英日的自贸谈判。

梅此行的安排包括到访京都、东京等地,与日本天皇、首相等人会谈,还乘坐新干线从京都前往东京。为凸显英日在安全和防务领域的特殊关系,她还特意被日方安排参加日本国家安全委员会会议,成为第二位被给予此特权的外国领导人和第一位欧洲领导人。此外,梅还访问横须贺基地,登上日本海上自卫队的“出云号”战舰,听取双方防务合作简报。

虽然英日在安全问题上走得近,但在商定“脱欧”后英日贸易协议问题上,短期内恐怕无法取得突破。有人称英日贸易协定谈判目前是貌合神离。

梅此次访日,正逢英国与欧盟在布鲁塞尔开始第三轮“脱欧”谈判,但英欧最终将达成何种协议仍不得而知,这让在英国投资额巨大的日本十分关切。目前,尼桑、日立等1000多家日本企业在英国投资,投资额超过400亿英镑,雇佣当地员工近14万人。

此次访问日本,梅还带去庞大的贸易代表团,包括英国国际贸易大臣福克斯及十多名企业高管,意在加强双边经贸关系,向日方确保“脱欧”后英国经济政策的确定性,争取日本投资,并商谈“脱欧”后英日贸易协定。

表面上看,英日在经贸领域相互倚重,英国将日本视为“脱离欧洲、拥抱世界”这一进程中的重要合作伙伴,双方提前协商贸易协定、等到英国完成“脱欧”后随即签订理所当然。但实际上,双方对自贸协议的重要性理解不同,日本与欧洲即将达成经济伙伴协定,日欧贸易协定是日本政府近期内的谈判重点;而英国急于和日本谈判“后脱欧”时代的自贸协定,并期待英日贸易协定能在欧盟与日本当前贸易协定的基础上制定,为因“脱欧”进程缓慢而备受批评的梅政府“加分”。

舆论认为,在日方目前的贸易谈判日程中,日欧协定更为优先,日英协定谈判短期内无法取得突破。英国媒体援引日本贸易官员的话说,日方的谈判优先选项是尽快完成与欧盟的贸易谈判,日英之间的贸易协议谈判目前来看仍然困难,因为“脱欧”导致的不确定性太多。

虽然日本首相安倍晋三对媒体再三表示,日本对“脱欧”后的英国仍有信心,但他也同时强调日本企业界在英国“脱欧”进程中需要更多“透明性和可预测性”。在贸易与投资问题上,日方明确要求确保将英国“脱欧”对日本企业的影响降到最小。

英国《金融时报》称,日英利益基础广泛,但联络两国最强有力的纽带还是经贸与投资关系。在日欧即将达成经济伙伴协定的情况下,“脱欧”导致英国可能失去这一贸易利益,也让作为其亚洲主要投资伙伴的日本开始动摇对英国的投资信心。(桂涛)

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