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中美科学家研制一湿就“自毁”的电子器件

2017-09-02 11:36:06   新华网

新华社华盛顿9月1日电(记者林小春)还在为怎么处理废弃电子器件而头疼吗?还在因二次手术移除植入物的痛苦而苦恼吗?中美两国科学家日前设计出一种新型瞬态电子器件,一旦接触到空气中水分便触发“自毁”过程而消失,有望帮助我们解决这些烦恼。

这项工作由中国科技大学徐航勋教授和美国休斯敦大学助理教授余存江一起合作完成,参与人员还包括清华大学冯雪教授等,论文于1日发表在新一期美国《科学进展》杂志上。

徐航勋对新华社记者介绍说,传统意义上的电子器件通常非常稳定,但瞬态电子器件相反,它在完成指定功能后,可在外界刺激触发下发生降解,其物理形态和功能可能会部分消失或者完全消失,具有寿命可控和对环境污染小的特点。

徐航勋等人的工作重中之重是制备具有湿度响应的高分子衬底材料——聚酸酐。当聚酸酐遇到空气中微量水分时便会开始水解,水解过程产生的腐蚀性有机酸能溶解器件中的无机电子材料,从而导致整体器件发生降解。

更重要的是,降解速率可通过调控环境中的水分含量和改变聚酸酐衬底的组分来调控。水分高,降解快;水分低,降解慢。

徐航勋说:“我们研究的意义在于发展了新的瞬态触发机制,以往的瞬态过程发生在水溶液或者生物流体中,而我们的瞬态电子能够以环境中的水分子触发降解,这种瞬态降解过程可控性更好,可以从几天调控到几周甚至更久。”

为了验证他们设计概念的可行性,徐航勋等人制备了多个原型瞬态电子器件。目前他们的器件仅限于展示概念的阶段,性能和制备方式仍有待提高,而未来预计他们的器件在植入式医疗、保密安全电子系统、一次性环境传感器以及水分检测装置等方面会有应用前景。

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