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新闻分析:日本引入陆基宙斯盾用意何在

2017-08-19 12:26:27   新华网

新华社东京8月19日电 新闻分析:日本引入陆基宙斯盾用意何在

新华社记者王可佳

正在华盛顿访问的日本防卫大臣小野寺五典18日正式向美国国防部长马蒂斯表达了日本将引进陆基宙斯盾反导系统的意向,希望得到美国支持与协助。

日本媒体报道,日本防卫省将在明年的政府预算案中列入采购陆基宙斯盾等反导新装备的经费。同时,日本自卫队计划新成立首支“太空部队”,加强与美国在太空军事领域的合作。

近来,日本以朝鲜半岛危机紧张升级为借口,加大军事编制和部署力度,不断加速与美国的军事融合进程。专家指出,日本此举只能激化矛盾,给地区安全与稳定带来更多消极影响。

在美日防长会晤前,日美两国政府在华盛顿举行防长及外长会议(“2+2”会谈),这是特朗普政府上台以来首次日美“2+2”会谈。会谈之前,多家日本媒体已经提前放风,称日本政府决定将从美国购买单价超过800亿日元(约合7.3亿美元)的陆基宙斯盾反导系统;同时,日本将在航空自卫队新设“太空部队”,与美国共同构建新的太空监视体系。

目前,日本由“爱国者-3”(PAC-3)和6艘“宙斯盾”舰装载的“标准-3”(SM-3)反导系统构成二级反导体系。其中,“标准-3”拦截导弹的射程可达2000公里,高度达1000公里,属于中段拦截装备,可在大气层外对导弹进行拦截。“爱国者-3”防空导弹射程约20公里,拦截高度为15公里,属于末段反导装备。

此前,日本政府曾计划引进单价超过1000亿日元(约合9.2亿美元)的“萨德”(THAAD)反导系统,但考虑到成本过高,逐渐倾向于引进性价比高的陆基宙斯盾反导系统。陆基宙斯盾由美国军火巨头洛克希德·马丁公司开发,不仅与舰载宙斯盾具有相近的反导能力,在机动性、维护便利性、全天候运转方面优势明显。

从目前态势看,引进陆基宙斯盾反导系统,只是日本新一轮军备扩张的开始。今年3月,日本执政的自民党曾向首相安倍晋三提交一份报告,不仅要求加强日本的反导系统,并建议解禁主动攻击敌方基地的军事能力。据报道,8月初安倍内阁改组后新上任的防卫大臣小野寺五典对此提议持积极态度。

“2+2”会谈后的记者会上,小野寺表示,日本开始着手制定新的防卫大纲和5年期“中期防卫力整备计划”(2019-2023年度),在这两份文件中将体现新的防卫和装备态势。

《每日新闻》披露,日本政府还计划提前完成“宙斯盾”舰改造计划,在年内新增一艘搭载SM-3反导系统的宙斯盾舰。此外,日本还将在2018财年预算中列支约200亿日元经费,用于研发具备导弹探测及反隐形战机功能的新型雷达系统。

分析人士指出,日本向美国提出包括陆基“宙斯盾”反导系统为主的大额军购,有一石三鸟的意图:一方面借口“危机”继续扩张军备;一方面加深日美军事一体化,在日美军事同盟中发挥更大作用;此外,安倍政府还能通过对美大额军购迎合特朗普政权需要,讨美方欢心。

山口大学名誉教授纐纈厚认为,安倍政府表面上渲染“朝鲜威胁论”,实际上是为自己加速军扩提供借口。日本政府这一举动将进一步刺激周边国家的神经,只能加剧日本与周边国家的矛盾。日本若真是美国的盟友,就应该劝说美国改变对朝的“威慑政策”。

日本前外务省官员孙崎享认为,对现在的安倍政权来说,加强导弹防卫体系是没有军事意义的,渲染半岛危机只是为证明安倍政府及日美同盟存在感的一种“政治秀”。

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