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新方法可激活毛囊干细胞有助治疗脱发

2017-08-19 11:11:23   新华网

新华社北京8月19日电 美国一项新研究发现了激活毛囊干细胞的新方法,在此基础上可望开发出刺激毛发生长的新药,治疗因激素失调、精神压力、衰老、化疗等因素导致的脱发和秃顶。

毛囊干细胞是一种成体干细胞,能分化成与皮肤和毛囊相关的多种细胞。它们平时处于休眠状态,在新一轮毛发生长周期开始时会被激活,开始分裂。如果毛囊干细胞不能被正常激活,就会出现脱发。

美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校医学中心的研究人员发现,乳酸生产对毛囊干细胞的激活起着关键作用。研究人员利用基因技术阻止实验鼠的毛囊干细胞生产乳酸,结果发现这些细胞无法激活。另一方面,促进乳酸生产能加快实验鼠毛囊干细胞的激活,促进毛发生长。

研究人员在英国《自然·细胞生物学》杂志上报告说,他们已发现了两种化学物质能用不同方式促进乳酸生产。其中一种代号RCGD423的物质能通过激活细胞中的相关通信渠道,直接促进乳酸生产。

另一种代号UK5099的物质则能通过调控丙酮酸来促进乳酸生产。丙酮酸是细胞分解葡萄糖的中间产物,通常有两个去向,要么转化成乳酸,要么运送给线粒体。这种物质能阻止丙酮酸运往线粒体,从而让毛囊干细胞生产更多乳酸。

研究人员说,今后有望利用这两种物质开发出治疗脱发的新药。

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