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通讯:土耳其“国猫”的幸福生活

2017-08-17 22:02:00   新华网

新华社安卡拉8月17日电 通讯:土耳其“国猫”的幸福生活

新华社记者秦彦洋 王峰

高峡出平湖,碧水育生灵。土耳其安纳托利亚高原东部的崇山之中,该国第一大湖凡湖碧波万顷,有土耳其“国猫”之称的凡猫长期以来栖息湖畔,正在得到社会各界越来越多的关注与保护。

几天前,在土耳其东部城市凡城的一个凡猫研究中心内,一只难产的凡猫妈妈接受了剖宫产手术,顺利诞下3只幼仔。

“这是第三例凡猫剖宫产手术,非常成功,我们高兴地迎来3只猫宝宝。”中心主任阿卜杜拉·卡亚教授言语中难掩兴奋。

凡猫是土耳其凡湖一带特有原产猫类,多通体洁白,毛发柔顺,性情活泼,喜好游泳,因此一直是当地居民珍爱的宠物。最让凡猫名声远扬的,是约16%的凡猫天生带有虹膜异色症,两眼分别呈琥珀色和浅蓝色,颇具神秘色彩。

1954年,两名英国旅行者将一对凡猫带回英伦,使土耳其凡猫在西方名声大噪,但也刺激了非法捕捉,大量凡猫被走私出售给外国人获取暴利。原产地凡湖的凡猫数量锐减,血统纯正性受到严重威胁。

“我们的首要目标是保护纯种凡猫的基因延续性,避免凡猫与其它猫类的无序繁育。”卡亚教授介绍说。在凡猫研究中心内,公猫和母猫被分开饲养,研究人员通过建立历史档案、控制繁育,筛选出纯种凡猫。

这个成立于1992年的研究中心占地1.5万平方米,设有凡猫起居室、餐厅、宿舍、医疗室和花园,目前养育着200多只凡猫,保护和研究工作开展得有声有色。

除“宽敞奢华”外,凡猫之家的清洁程度也令人惊讶,不仅地面一尘不染,空气中也闻不到异味。在进入凡猫生活区前,记者被要求穿好鞋套、不能触碰幼仔。卡亚教授解释说,研究中心面临的一大挑战来自猫类传染病,工作人员需要经常清洁消毒,对病猫隔离治疗并更换所有用品,防止疾病传染。

“保护凡猫仅靠研究中心还远远不够,一方面,我们建议政府禁止凡猫出口,已经得到落实;另一方面,我们努力唤起社会公众保护凡猫的意识。”卡亚教授说。

据介绍,现在越来越多的当地居民在将猫送往外地前,会咨询研究中心的意见,在确认接收者的养育条件后,才会将猫送往新的生活环境。

经过20多年的努力,凡猫的种群数量和基因质量明显提升,这一可爱的高原生灵正成为凡湖吸引国内外游客的新名片。

“我们喜欢凡猫,希望有更多人爱上凡猫”,来自法国的游客阿迈特说,此刻他的两个女儿正与凡猫嬉戏难分。

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