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日媒播纪录片揭露731部队暴行 日方人士反思加害历史

2017-08-15 20:57:47   新华网

新华社东京8月15日电(记者王可佳 杨汀)在“8·15”日本投降日到来之际,日本广播协会电视台日前播放了纪录片《731部队的真相》,通过史料和亲历者供述,以铁证揭露了侵华日军战争罪行,在日本社会引发广泛关注。

在纪录片中,节目组找到了保存在俄罗斯的数百份资料以及对二战期间研制并使用细菌武器的日本战犯进行审判的录音记录。史料显示,在位于中国哈尔滨市郊外的731部队监牢中,曾关押着来自中国等多国俘虏,他们被当作“材料”、残忍地用于活体实验。“战争原来是这样的残忍……是绝不该发生的事。我时常在想,那简直是非人的行为。”曾是731部队少年队员的三角武说。

片中,更多原731部队成员在供词中讲述了日军在中国进行生物武器研究和人体实验的暴行。军医西俊英说,他们曾在零下20摄氏度的极寒天气下用风扇对活体实验对象猛吹,残忍地人为制造出冻伤效果;隶属该部队的仓员称,曾亲眼见证5名被当作实验对象的中国人中有3人手指指节变黑脱落,另外两人的伤口暴露到只剩下指骨;曾任部队第一部部长的川岛清说,该部队曾在中国多个城市对中国部队使用过细菌武器,并在一些村落的水井、贮水池等场所散布细菌,令无数无辜民众受害。

这部纪录片还揭露了日军罪行的另一责任主体——日本高校。当时日本军方与大学的联系非常紧密,军方为大学提供研究经费,大学则向被侵略地输送“研究人才”。这些来自日本各大高校的权威学者,在731部队中被称为“技师”,和军医一样属于将校阶层,是生物武器研究的中枢力量。

纪录片播出后,在日本社会引起很大反响。残酷的真相刺痛了日本右翼势力的神经,他们称“日本广播协会电视台捏造事实”,认为作证的原731部队成员被洗脑,并极力否认历史真相。但与此同时,更多的日本人开始对加害历史进行反思。有日本网友表示,如此鲜活的证言刺痛人心,决不能让残酷的战争历史重演。

“日中友好8·15之会”代表干事冲松信夫告诉记者,日本广播协会电视台播出这部纪录片是一件非常有勇气的事。他认为,731部队的真相在日本是一段不能被触碰的历史,但恰恰又是人们必须知道的,“日本人必须了解日军曾经犯下的罪行”。

共同社客座评论员冈田充表示,虽然自己早已知道731部队的残酷行径,但还是第一次亲耳听到加害者的证言。他认为,和《南京大屠杀档案》一样,有关731部队残酷行径的记录也应申请并被认定为联合国教科文组织所承认的世界记忆遗产。

长崎核爆受害者手账之友会会长井原东洋一表示,8月15日也是亚洲各国人民从日本帝国主义侵略下获得解放的纪念日。在回顾广岛、长崎核爆惨痛被害经历的同时,他也常常告诫自己决不能忘记侵略的加害历史。

日本“铭心会”会长松冈环表示,在回顾战争历史时,多数日本媒体只会将日本包装成战争受害者,却丝毫不提日本人在战争中残害中国等亚洲国家人民的真相。“日本隐瞒战争犯罪、强调被害的做法无益于与亚洲各国重建良好关系。日本试图掩盖历史已经超过70年了,而我们应持续努力,将历史真相告诉日本等世界各国的更多年轻人。”

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