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弗吉尼亚州骚乱折射美国社会撕裂

2017-08-15 18:03:51   新华网

新华社华盛顿8月14日电(国际观察)弗吉尼亚州骚乱折射美国社会撕裂

新华社记者孙丁 刘阳

美国总统特朗普14日就弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔发生的骚乱发表声明,谴责种族主义、白人至上主义和新纳粹分子。

夏洛茨维尔骚乱是一起种族主义引发的大规模恶性群体事件,再度暴露了美国种族歧视问题和社会撕裂现象。如果美国政府不及时调整社会经济政策,美国社会中的种族斗争和社会分裂现象极有可能会进一步加剧。

白宫被迫再表立场

弗吉尼亚州中北部城市夏洛茨维尔12日爆发骚乱,白人至上主义者和反对人士在市中心发生暴力冲突,一名右翼分子驾车冲撞抗议者,造成多人伤亡。

夏洛茨维尔骚乱事件发生后,特朗普12日发表声明予以谴责,称“多方都表现出令人震惊的仇恨、偏执和暴力”。但由于声明未直接谴责诱发这起暴力事件的白人至上主义者等极右翼人士,特朗普连日来受到国会两党和社会舆论持续施压。

14日,迫于压力的特朗普再次表态。他说,“种族主义是邪恶的”,“那些以种族主义名义实施暴行之人属于罪犯和暴徒,包括三K党、新纳粹、白人至上主义者和其他仇恨团体”。

特朗普第二份声明的语气和措辞与前一份相比更加直接和强硬。分析人士指出,此举意在扭转舆论对白宫立场的看法,减少此前表态造成的负面影响。

白人至上主义抬头

夏洛茨维尔市政府此前决定移除市中心一尊南北战争时期南方将军罗伯特·李的雕像,这成为此次暴力事件的导火索。

近年来,美国南部一些州发起拆除南方邦联时期领袖雕像的行动,发起人士认为这些雕像是奴隶制和白人至上主义的象征。但反对者认为拆除雕像侵犯了白人的历史和文化。近几个月来,一些右翼人士一直在网络上号召抵制拆除雕像的行动。

夏洛茨维尔暴乱目击者、当地居民托马斯在接受新华社记者采访时说,此次暴乱“违背美国立国之本”,“反映了白人心态问题,他们认为自己优于其他族裔且应该保持这种优越状态”。

美国总统与国会研究中心副主任丹·马哈菲说,夏洛茨维尔暴乱是新纳粹和白人民族主义运动抬头的恶性结果。更令人担忧的是,这些右翼思潮借助互联网找到了生存和发展空间。

 社会撕裂伤口再扩大

夏洛茨维尔骚乱酿成多人死伤的悲剧,距2015年6月南卡罗来纳州一名白人至上主义者闯入教堂枪杀9名非裔美国人事件,仅时隔两年。

正如骚乱目击者乔丹所说,美国社会撕裂问题远未解决,种族歧视在美国仍旧是一个严重问题。

分析人士认为,夏洛茨维尔暴力冲突是美国各群体之间斗争加剧的外在症状,社会撕裂的伤口或由此继续扩大。如果美国经济社会政策未能及时调整,美国种族关系恶化程度可能进一步加深。

美国智库布鲁金斯学会资深研究员达雷尔·韦斯特告诉记者,如果部分白人的生活持续无法得到改善,将会有更多的人因沮丧而参加种族主义活动,“未来几年,美国很有可能会经历更多不安和动荡”。

也有分析指出,美国此前“优待”少数族裔造成的“逆向歧视”现象也是白人产生焦虑和不满的原因之一。随着新政府“禁穆令”、修建边界隔离墙、移民政策改革等一系列排外措施出台,美国社会撕裂现象将会愈发凸显。

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