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共享单车骑进伦敦

2017-08-08 08:14:30   中国经济网

中国的共享单车将进入伦敦。下个月起,750辆共享单车会被投放到这里。

伦敦是世界的金融中心,伦敦人熟知中国餐馆与中国资本,却很少有人知道世界上最早的纸币与汇票是中国的发明。共享单车可能是大部分伦敦人将要知道的第一个来自中国的“金融点子”。

伦敦是许多伟大思想的诞生地:严复在这里穷求西方富强的奥秘,提出“中西会通”;达尔文在这里构想生物进化论,发现“物竞天择”;马克思在这里出版《共产党宣言》,喊出“全世界无产者联合起来”。

伦敦也是许多伟大发明和商业项目的试验场:世界上第一条地铁在这里开通,第一本杂志在这里发行,第一盏交通灯在这里点亮,第一个中央银行在这里成立。

这背后自有其逻辑。伦敦是世界上第一个现代化国家的首都,工业革命以来始终是人类物质与精神文明最发达的地方之一。快速的发展也带来利益的碰撞与思潮的交锋,随发展而来的种种矛盾也在这里得到最充分的暴露,敏锐的哲人和精明的商人则在其中各有所得。

有人说,共享单车是中国为世界带来的创新、共享、绿色的方案与理念,是中国“新四大发明”之一,将从伦敦真正走向世界;也有人说,它将带来混乱,此前这一项目进入曼彻斯特后出现的盗窃与蓄意破坏的情况也将在伦敦重现。

还有人在争论,共享单车究竟是“公益项目”还是“资本运作”?是“共产主义的萌芽”还是“资本主义的花朵”?

自由与秩序、权利与责任、共享与私欲、创新与风险——共享理念带来的各种矛盾,将毫无例外地随着共享单车一同出现在伦敦街头。

比如,共享单车提出“无桩停放”,这一创新与此前类似租车项目相比,给了使用者更大的自由。可以说,自由是共享单车的最大优势,但同时也是其在最讲法律与规则的伦敦最大的困扰。

英国是最早实现法治的国家。伦敦是最自由的地方,因为对每个人而言,法无禁止皆可为;伦敦也是最不自由的地方,事无大小,皆决于法。

某种意义上说,共享单车“无桩停放”在一些地方造成乱停乱放、阻塞道路,其实是将这一项目秩序管理的成本转嫁到政府身上。

伦敦显然不愿为这样的自由买单。就在最近,媒体报道新加坡的一种类似的共享单车项目在伦敦上市不久后,即被告知需要撤回,原因是当地委员会认为其随意停放会阻塞公路,给行人造成潜在危险。

很明显,中国的共享单车在英国的试水十分谨慎。第一批单车被投放在伦敦西部的一个富人区。那里的居民以高薪白人为主,多年来都被评为全伦敦犯罪率最低的地方。想必运营商希望以使用者的高素质为自由划定明晰的道德边界。

金融危机后,西方社会在创新的同时更加注重监管与安全,有时甚至过度谨慎,抑制了创新。这让中国在移动支付等金融产品与服务上迅速取得领先。但是,混业、互联网和创新在给中国金融业带来蓬勃动力、让人们享受种种便利的同时,也不可否认地带来了风险与挑战,比如,在快速发展的移动支付背后就是数据安全和隐私保护的难题,而在共享单车背后则是城市治理的难题。

中国的共享单车能否在伦敦行稳致远?这让人期待。(桂涛)

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