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金砖合作迎来第二个金色十年

2017-08-04 10:38:07   新华网

一个月后,世界的目光将投向中国厦门。金砖国家领导人第九次会晤将于9月在中国厦门举行。目前,中国正同各方紧锣密鼓地对表,商讨如何巩固成果、规划未来、做大做强,保持金砖合作机制强劲、蓬勃、旺盛的生命力,进而让金砖合作焕发出更耀眼的光彩。

金砖合作走过了从无到有的10年历程,实现了从概念到实践的蜕变,成为国际体系中独特的“金砖现象”,也是全球治理中一支生机勃勃代表未来的力量。在过去10年中,金砖国家经济总量不断提升,占全球经济比重从12%上升到23%,贸易总额比重从11%上升到16%,对外投资比重从7%上升到12%,对世界经济增长的贡献率超过50%。金砖国家金融合作不断夯实,新开发银行开业运营,同时,金砖国家还建立了总规模为1000亿美元的应急储备安排,成员国若出现美元流动性危机,其他国家央行便会提供美元纾困。

以金砖国家为代表的新兴经济体发展壮大,正在重划世界政治经济版图,成为完善全球治理的助推器。自2008年国际金融危机以来,二十国集团取代了七国集团成为全球经济治理的主要平台。与此同时,金砖国家合作机制正式登场,有力地撬动了国际秩序的转型与改革,也为建立新型国际关系进行了有意义探索。

上一次中国主办金砖峰会是2011年,会议的亮点是金砖四国扩员为五国,新成员南非首次参加会晤。由于南非的加盟,金砖成员的代表性更充分,实现了对亚洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲和非洲的全覆盖。可以说,金砖机制跨越了世界上最遥远的地理距离,超越了不同发展道路和社会制度,凝聚了五国发展的时代共识。这次中国仍将创造性地推动金砖机制的拓展,通过“金砖+”模式搭建新的更大的合作平台,使之成为南南合作的支柱,共同维护发展中国家的整体利益。在经济全球化深入发展的时代条件下,金砖国家还需要大力推动建设全球发展伙伴关系,促进各国共同繁荣。

尽管当前国际上有一些唱衰金砖合作的声音,所谓“褪色论”有所抬头,但这并不能阻挡金砖国家迎难而上的雄心。事实上,金砖国家正蓄势待发。在一些西方国家对全球化、自由贸易、气候变化等世界性问题的合作持消极态度之时,国际社会更加期待作为新兴经济体领头羊的金砖国家发挥更大作用。金砖国家必须在谋求本国发展的同时,大力促进各国共同发展,特别是有针对性地推动各国加强宏观经济政策协调,改革国际货币金融体系,推动贸易和投资自由化、便利化,促进全球经济更加强劲发展。

在当前复杂多变的形势下,金砖国家合作如逆水行舟,不进则退。唯有加强团结协作与能力建设,共同应对逆全球化、恐怖主义等经济、安全领域的诸多挑战,才能增强金砖国家在世界事务中的影响力。习近平主席强调,金砖国家是为了共同的利益和目标走到一起的。只要我们秉持开放、包容、合作、共赢的金砖精神,携手建设更紧密的金砖伙伴关系,就一定会迎来金砖合作第二个金色10年。

(作者为本报特约评论员,中国国际问题研究院常务副院长、研究员 阮宗泽)

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