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中德合作开发非洲?听专家们怎么说

2017-08-04 10:14:33   新华网

当德国总理默克尔在不久前汉堡举行的G20峰会上表示,中德在第三方市场,尤其在非洲拥有巨大合作潜力时,海宇觉得颇受鼓舞。

作为“非洲制造”计划的CEO以及埃塞俄比亚、卢旺达和塞内加尔政府的投资促进与工业化顾问,海宇自2013年起开始推广中欧非三方合作的理念。

“中国、德国和非洲三方合作是一个必然的趋势,”海宇告诉《环球时报》记者。她认为,这样可以“一石三鸟”:解决德国难民危机、满足中国经济转型和产业升级需求,以及帮助非洲走出贫困、实现稳定。今年5月,中德可持续发展中心在北京揭牌,该中心旨在促进中德两国在非洲的经贸合作。

麦肯锡咨询公司近期的一份报告显示,过去10年里,中国与非洲的贸易每年增长20%左右。中国商务部今年5月表示,中企今年第一季度在非洲的非金融直接投资达到7.5亿美元,同比增长64%。“过去20年里,中国已经超越一些西方国家,成为非洲大陆上的重要玩家。”中欧国际工商学院非洲校园执行主任蔡慕修对《环球时报》表示,这对非洲而言,最大的好处在于除了西方强国,现在它有另外一个强劲的市场和合作伙伴,为它在贸易及其他发展议题的谈判中赢得筹码。

中德合作被广泛认为是强强联手,中国在非洲的基础设施项目上有丰富的投资经验,而德国具有高水平的工业技术。“成功的对非投资需要法律保障和完善的水陆基础设施。因此,技术和基础设施是中德在非洲合作的两个重要领域。”德国国会议员、执政党基民盟经济能源政策发言人约阿希姆·费弗对《环球时报》记者说。中欧企业家峰会组委会主席董斌告诉《环球时报》,相比于其他在非洲大陆上有影响力的国家,德国更愿意跟中国合作,因为两者的互补性更强。

海宇2011年在埃塞俄比亚创办她在非洲的第一家鞋厂。6个月内,该厂对欧美国家的出口额就翻了一倍。她相信,非洲有望成为未来的世界制造中心。海宇认为,随着中国经济由劳动密集型转向资本密集型,将有8500万剩余工作机会从中国流出,而非洲拥有巨大的适龄工作人口,恰是接收这些工作机会的理想之地。

蔡慕修认为,德国应该改变在非洲的策略,不再把非洲当做一个单纯需要援助的对象,而是加大对私营经济开发的投资。“据我观察,中国企业敢于在非洲开展各个领域的投资,德国应该认识到这一点,并利用好非洲大陆的发展机遇。毕竟,非洲拥有世界上发展最快的一些经济体,而德国公司在这些国家里还没有崭露头角。” 【记者张鑫】

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