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这个中国首个海外基地所在国 人口只有北京的4%

2017-07-13 02:30:00   外事儿

(原标题:这个中国首个海外基地所在国,人口只有北京的4%)

昨天,我国首个海外基地——中国人民解放军驻吉布提保障基地成立暨部队出征仪式在广东湛江某军港码头举行。

见多识广的外事儿决定扒扒吉布提这个国家。

吉布提共和国位于非洲东北部亚丁湾西岸,全国面积2.32万平方公里,大概就是1.4个北京那么大,人口约89万,仅为北京的约4%。

吉布提官方语言为阿拉伯语和法语,境内以索马里人、阿拉伯人和欧洲人为主,国教为伊斯兰教。

历史上,吉布提被法国殖民统治长达81年。

1850年,法国入侵吉布提,并于1896年成立法属索马里殖民政府。

第二次世界大战之后,在第三世界国家独立运动的浪潮下,吉布提国内也掀起民族解放浪潮。

1975年12月31日,法国最终宣布同意吉布提独立。1977年6月27日,吉布提正式宣告独立,定国名为吉布提共和国,首都和国歌都叫吉布提。

独立后的吉布提奉行中立、不结盟和睦邻友好的外交政策,积极参与国际组织,是非盟、阿盟、伊斯兰会议组织、东南非共同市场等地区组织成员国。

与此同时,它仍注重保持同法国的传统关系,并积极配合美国在非洲之角反恐,与日本的关系也逐渐升温。

外事儿发现,法美日三国都在这里建立了自己的军事基地。

其中,法军的基地是法国在海外最大的军事基地,美国的勒莫尼耶军事基地也是美军在非洲最大的军事基地。

为啥法美日这三个国家这么重视吉布提?

这要从吉布提的地理位置说起。

吉布提北与厄立特里亚为邻,西部、西南及南部与埃塞俄比亚毗连,东南同索马里接壤,东北隔着红海的曼德海峡和也门相望。

虽然上面这些地名也挺陌生的,但至少能找出两个关键词:红海和索马里。

吉布提扼红海南部的曼德海峡,与此同时,红海北部就是连接了地中海的苏伊士运河。

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