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央广网昭通10月12日消息(记者陈鸿燕 通讯员苏燕 游考 杨芳)在云南昭通近日召开的中国古脊椎动物学会第八届理事会第三次会议上,5位中科院院士和30多位古脊椎动物相关领域的专家学者通过现场考察和研讨后认为:云南昭通水塘坝古生物化石地是亚洲发现早期人类起源“缺环”的关键地区之一。
为进一步做好水塘坝古生物化石遗址的保护、发掘、研究工作,“云南人类起源和环境演变联合研究中心”“周忠和院士工作站”落户昭通。
云南是世界人类起源地之一。昭通是继云南省开远、禄丰、元谋、保山之后发现的第五个研究从猿到人过渡时期的古猿化石点,也是欧亚大陆时代最晚的、目前唯一的中新世古猿。从1962年古生物学家周明镇教授在昭通水塘坝发现“昭通剑齿象新种”开始,通过中外专家不断的研究和发掘,在昭通水塘坝共出土了包括鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、鸟类、哺乳类、灵长类等化石标本5000多件。经年代学研究,这些出土化石距今约600万年,是一个珍贵的晚中新世“化石库”,尤其是古猿头骨化石是目前欧亚大陆发现的最晚的一例,为古生物学的科研提供了很好的资源,对研究人类演化与环境演变具有重要科学价值。
与会专家学者认为,距今约700至300万年是人类起源的关键时期,此前非洲已发现大量这一时期的南方古猿,为人类的进化提供了一些重要依据,但是亚洲一直缺少这一时期的实物佐证,而近年来专家学者持续对水塘坝出土的古生物化石和地层地貌进行研究成果表明:约600万前,欧亚大陆其它地区古猿都灭绝以后,由于气候和生物多样性,云南昭通等地仍然成为古猿的“避难所”,因而云南成为欧亚大陆古猿化石保存最好、数量最多、时代延续最长的地区,昭通水塘坝古生物化石地因此成为亚洲发现早期人类起源“缺环”的关键地区之一,与2009年11月发现的昭通古猿伴生的大量脊椎动物化石,打开了一扇面向600万年前亚热带生态系统的窗口。
目前,14项关于水塘坝古生物化石的相关科研成果已在我国《科学通报》、《古生物学报》,荷兰《古地理、古气候、古生态》,美国《古脊椎动物学报》等国内外权威刊物发表。
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