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福建长汀中国石油“万亩林”打造生态扶贫样板工程

2017-10-11 22:11:53   

央广网龙岩10月11日消息(记者张子亚)福建长汀,是闽西革命老区,曾是中国四大水土流失最严重的地区之一。几代长汀人与百万亩荒山作战,致力水土流失治理。2012年初,在长汀水土流失治理开启“进则全胜”的新篇章时,中国石油天然气集团公司接受中央指派,作为唯一一家央企对口帮扶长汀县。五年里,中国石油扎根红土,种下“万亩林”,培育出一方“致富林”。

长汀的水土流失由来已久。历届中央及福建省委和省政府高度重视长汀水土流失治理工作。2000年,“开展以长汀严重水土流失区为重点的水土流失综合治理”被列为福建全省15件为民办实事项目之一,确定每年由省级有关部门扶持1000万元资金。此后10年,长汀水土流失治理连续列入省为民办实事项目。长汀大规模治山治水的大幕由此拉开,2012年初,中国石油天然气集团公司受命,对口帮扶长汀县,共同参与加快当地水土流失治理工作。在国务院扶贫办指导下,经与长汀县反复商议后,决定投资4000万元在当地水土流失最严重的河田镇露湖村一带,启动营造“万亩生态公益林”工程项目。

长汀共有390万亩山地。此前水保治理种植了近200万亩马尾松纯林。但马尾松纯林保水固土能力差,生态脆弱。在贫瘠的红土上种树不易, 为破解这一难题,“万亩林”项目摸索出了一套山地套植大苗确保成活率的技术:损伤苗木及时处理伤口,种植穴面内低外高以保肥保水,应用生根剂并及时浇水,沙多地块运用黄泥改良,种植穴面覆盖保湿,埋设管道人工浇灌等等,同时为确保项目实施效果,中国石油把项目管理的成熟经验引入水保治理工作,在福建省首次对单个水土治理项目实行项目经理制,并引入专业监理单位对项目实行第三方监理,为央企与地方的项目帮扶开创了新机制。

原本4年的造林计划提前2年完成,于2013年转入森林抚育。“万亩林”项目以长汀水保科教园为中心,在露湖、明光、朱溪、罗地、伯湖、晨光6个村10382亩山地上种下771822棵树木,平均每亩插植74棵,成活率高达98%以上。

其中在“万亩林”核心区栽下1000亩、2.4万株无患子。无患子是生物能源树种,其果实不仅可以用来提取油脂,制造天然滑润油;还能制造天然无公害洗洁用品的原料。无患子果实市场收购价为4.5元/公斤。一棵成年无患子每年的经济产值约为250元。4000万元的造林投入,仅无患子一项就可为当地带来每年600万元的收入。

“万亩林”共集合了枫香、山杜英、樱花、深山含笑、木荷、楠木等17个优良乡土阔叶树种,随季节变幻色彩,不同时节展现不一样的风姿。在“万亩林”间,中国石油还铺设了1.8公里的区间路,硬化了3.5公里的林间路,建起一座六角观景亭。

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