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央视网消息 :“中国天眼”就是500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST),国家天文台宣布,经过一年紧张调试,“天眼”已实现指向、跟踪、漂移扫描等多种观测模式的顺利运行。据了解,目前“天眼”已探测到数十个优质脉冲星候选体,其中6颗通过国际认证。
今年9月25日,也就是FAST一周岁那天,中国科学家就曾首次公布一段来自宇宙深处的神秘声音,一段被探测到的脉冲信号。这是科学家将其放大并配乐的效果,像是人类和宇宙一次超越千年的唱和。
目前,FAST还是用的单波束接收机,简单说就是一次只能看一个目标,但不久的将来,它会安装上19波束接收机。未来,有希望找到4000颗脉冲星!
方糖大小相当于万艘万吨巨轮重量
那么什么是脉冲星呢?发现脉冲星又有什么意义呢?
据科学家介绍,脉冲星是一种高速自转的中子星。脉冲星以极快的速度旋转,发射出周期性脉冲信号,因而得名脉冲星,它的密度极高,每立方厘米重达上亿吨,一块方糖大小就相当于地球上一万艘万吨巨轮的重量。脉冲星自转周期精确,是宇宙中最精准的时钟。
这一特殊“本领”,让脉冲星在计时、引力波探测等领域具有重要应用。对其进行研究有望得到许多重大物理学问题的答案。专家介绍,“通过对快速旋转的射电脉冲星进行长期监测,就可以探测来自超大质量双黑洞等天体发出的低频引力波。”首位发现脉冲星的天文学家乔瑟琳?贝尔 今年早些时候参观了“中国天眼”,她期待这座世界最大的射电望远镜能发现更多微弱、遥远、独特的脉冲星,包括发现围绕黑洞旋转的脉冲星。
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