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前4年累计减少贫困人口5564万,今年至少再减1000万

2017-10-11 13:21:53   

10月10日,国务院扶贫办主任刘永富在国务院新闻办举行的发布会上表示,党的十八大以来,国家以前所未有的力度推进脱贫攻坚,取得了显著的成绩。前4年已经累计减少贫困人口5564万人,年均1391万人,今年至少减少1000万人。5年平均下来,每年减贫人数在1300万人以上。今年井冈山、兰考县率先脱贫,还将有一批贫困县要宣布脱贫,贫困县实现了历史上第一次数量上的减少。

  深度贫困地区是难点,加大支持力度

刘永富在回答记者提问时表示,脱贫攻坚现在难度比较大的是深度贫困地区。深度贫困地区的贫困发生率比较高,基础条件比较差,有6个省的贫困人口数量在300万以上,有5个省贫困发生率在10%以上。“按照前几年减贫进度,如果这些地方不加大力度,是很难完成任务的。”刘永富表示,中央专门召开了深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚座谈会,并且出台了支持文件。

深度贫困地区是脱贫攻坚的坚中之坚。中央要把这些深度贫困地区作为支持重点,加大资金政策和工作投入力度。各个部门围绕深度贫困地区完成脱贫攻坚任务加大支持力度,包括交通部门要修路,水利部门要解决饮水,相关部门要指导产业发展,做好易地搬迁这些具体工作。省负总责解决辖区内深度贫困问题,由省里确定自己的贫困县、贫困乡镇、贫困村,必须出台新的政策措施,加大支持力度。

  解决因病致贫返贫问题

国务院扶贫办综合司司长、新闻发言人苏国霞介绍,在目前剩余的贫困人口中,家庭成员因病致贫、因病返贫的比例在上升,从两年前的42%上升到现在的44%。健康扶贫是下一步脱贫攻坚的一个重点。国务院扶贫办和卫计委等部门联合开展健康扶贫工程,从基本制度层面建立基本医疗、大病保险、医疗救助三项制度,同时补充商业保险,解决基本问题。

苏国霞介绍,卫计委和国务院扶贫办已经启动了“三个一批”行动计划:大病救治一批,慢病签约一批,重病兜底保障一批。现在这项工作正在全国实施。同时,一些小病种,如儿童先心病、白血病等,已经纳入贫困人口大病专项救治范围。下一步,国务院扶贫办将配合卫计委等部门,进一步研究儿童重大疾病救治措施。

 建立长效机制,坚持问题导向

刘永富表示,在做好当前工作的同时,还要考虑建立长效机制。加强贫困村、贫困乡镇基层组织的建设,用好外派去的第一书记和驻村工作队。在村里要培养产业带头人,发展培育特色优势产业。通过完善医疗保障解决看病问题,通过发展学前教育、义务教育、高等教育等提高人的素质和技能。

现在脱贫攻坚战主要针对农村贫困人口。城市也有贫困问题,在制度安排上,主要靠最低生活保障制度和就业制度解决,保证每个家庭至少有一个人稳定就业,对符合最低生活保障条件的及时给予救助。刘永富介绍,脱贫攻坚工作中也存在着一些不落实、不到位、不精准的问题,形式主义、官僚主义的问题,部分贫困群众内生动力不足的问题。脱贫的进度要实事求是,“急躁症”不行,“拖延病”也不行。下一步,强化问题意识,坚持问题导向,继续落实好中央的决策部署和工作要求,全力打赢脱贫攻坚战。

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