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世界经济论坛《全球竞争力报告》:中国排名上升 多项指标表现突出

2017-09-27 16:57:51   

中国日报网9月27日电 世界经济论坛日前发布《2017-2018年全球竞争力报告》。该份报告对全球137个经济体进行指数排名。结果显示,瑞士连续九年成为全球最具竞争力的经济体,美国、新加坡紧随其后,与此同时,中国排位比去年上升一位,全球排名第27位。

据介绍,此份年度报告是衡量全球各经济体促进生产力发展和经济繁荣程度的重要参考指标。报告从基础条件、效能提升和创新成熟度三个层面的12项指标对各经济体竞争力进行衡量。

世界经济论坛官网介绍称,中国表现最为突出的指标有:“市场规模”、“宏观经济环境”和“创新”,进步较大的指标包括:“技术就绪程度” 、“商品市场效率”和“高等教育和培训”。

世界经济论坛大中国区首席代表艾德维认为:“中国在技术开发运用和人才培养方面的热情与行动力是有目共睹的。同时,商品市场效率方面的进步也反映出政府在推行职能改革,激发市场活力,促进企业家精神方面取得了成效。根据目前的竞争力指数表现,若想提振劳动生产率,在全球竞争力排名中更进一步,中国还需持续提高其技术就绪程度,加强基础设施建设并坚持推进创新发展。”

报告在10年的数据基础上提出了三点关注。 一是破坏金融系统的风险犹存。报告显示,全球金融机构“稳健程度”指标还未从07年的冲击中完全恢复,部分经济体的金融系统甚至进一步恶化。鉴于金融系统在第四次工业革命中发挥着重要的创投促进作用, 这一状态需要得到各国领导者的高度重视。

二是人力资本对经济竞争力的增强作用。报告认为,在机器自动化逐渐取代人工的进程中,保持劳动力市场灵活性和保护劳动者权益将有利于增强经济发展的韧性和稳定性。

三是创新成果转化推动力欠缺。报告指出,创新投资虽然不少,但没能像人们期待那样带来生产力的大幅提升,原因在于技术研发与推广应用两者间尚存在失衡现象。

世界经济论坛创始人兼执行主席克劳斯·施瓦布表示,创新能力在越来越大程度上决定着一国的全球竞争力,其中人才发挥着最为关键的作用。他表示,未来的全球竞争力赢家,不仅需要具备健康的政治、经济与社会体系,还要为应对第四次工业革命做好充足的准备。

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