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美国玩具安全标准更新 出口企业需关注

2017-09-18 10:01:40   央广网

央广网宁波9月18日消息(记者杜金明 通讯员马康 吴金彪 邱昕)日前,美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)发布了2017版美国玩具安全标准ASTM F963。此次修订主要内容包括纠正2016版中存在的错误,并进行其他较小的编辑更正;补充了2016版中关于弹射玩具要求无意间遗漏的关键语言。

按照美国消费品安全改进法案(CPSIA)所述,ASTM F963-17将在ASTM通知消费品安全委员会(CPSC)的180天后成为强制性标准,取代之前的ASTM F963-16,除非在90天内CPSC反馈认为有关修订不能改善玩具安全。在美国境内销售的所有玩具,无一例外需要满足“美国消费品安全法”(CPSA)和CPSIA的要求。CPSIA指出,在美国市场上流通的玩具,需要强制性符合ASTM F963。据了解,现行的美国玩具安全标准ASTM F963-16版发布是2016年10月份发布的,于2017年4月30日正式生效。实际上,2012年6月12日起,美国ASTM F963-11标准取代ASTM F963-08,成为强制性的玩具安全标准。时隔四年,2016年10月20日,ASTM发布了《消费者安全规范-玩具安全》的2016版本(即ASTM F963-16),而不到一年时间,ASTM F963更新至2017版表明美国对玩具类产品管制越来越苛刻。

ASTM现在已经成为美国认可度最高的认证标准之一,它可以为产品生产者、用户、最终消费者以及被涉及到的政府和学术界代表在共同关心的领域提供交流讨论的机会,并为材料、产品、系统及服务编写标准,很多品牌商都会主动去做美国ASTM认证。ASTM F963是由美国商务部国家标准局主持制定的强制性玩具安全检测标准, CPSIA中已引入ASTM F963的要求,该标准针对14岁以下各年龄组儿童使用的玩具规定了技术要求和测试方法,是美国最重要的一部玩具安全标准,也是在国际上影响非常大的一个安全标准。对出口美国市场的玩具产品有普遍要求,在商业实践中,不满足ASTM F963的玩具是无法进入美国市场的。

玩具是我国的重要出口商品,美国一直是我国玩具出口第一大市场。2016年,我国玩具出口金额183.93亿美元,其中对美出口58.81亿美元,对美玩具出口占我国玩具出口金额的31.97%。美国不断严苛的玩具安全要求对玩具出口企业的设计、生产和管理等方面影响深远,导致企业的生产和检测成本不断增长。

面对这些频出的隐形贸易壁垒,检验检疫部门建议相关出口企业:一是重视美国玩具更新法规标准的变更内容、生效时间等重要信息,提前对照最新标准和法规做好解读应对工作,根据变更后要求提高生产工艺和品质管控能力;二是从严进行检测认证,特别是从结构设计、原材料选择等源头防范安全隐患,可以委托相关检测机构按照新标准要求进行检测,提早发现问题及时采取解决措施,确保产品符合相应的技术安全要求;三是提高质量管理水平,应以安全、环保为切入点,逐步建立完善原辅料管理和设计生产管理体系,通过不断提升产品层次实现企业转型发展。

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