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“中国天眼”之父南仁东病逝 用20余年打造大国重器

2017-09-17 14:31:37   中国青年网

9月16日,中国科学院国家天文台发布讣告,中国著名天文学家、500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)工程首席科学家兼总工程师南仁东病逝,享年72岁。

图片来源:中国科学院国家天文台(NAOC-Beijing)

当之无愧的“中国天眼”之父

2016年9月25日,中国西南,苗岭深处,“天眼”在贵州睁眼。中国又添一件大国重器,傲视宇宙、深探苍穹。

而没有南仁东,就没有“中国天眼”FAST。

自1994年起,南仁东一直负责FAST的选址、预研究、立项、可行性研究及初步设计。

南仁东领导了FAST射电望远镜大部分早期工作,并且是该项目的首席科学家和首席工程师。图片来源:中国科学院国家天文台(NAOC-Beijing)

作为项目首席科学家兼总工程师,他负责编订FAST科学目标,全面指导FAST工程建设,并主持攻克了索疲劳、动光缆等一系列技术难题。

利用FAST,人类可以观测脉冲星、中性氢、黑洞等等这些宇宙形成时期的信息,还有就是用来捕捉外星生命的信号。

图为世界最大单口径射电望远镜——500米口径球面射电望远镜(简称FAST)。中新社记者 贺俊怡 摄

古有十年磨一剑,今有二十年塑天眼

在怀念南仁东时,他的同事和学生们说,“南老师20多年只做了这一件事”。

南仁东和FAST的缘分,要从1993年说起。

那一年,日本东京召开国际无线电科学联盟大会,人们希望在全球电波环境恶化到不可收拾之前,建造新一代射电“大望远镜”。

时任中国科学院北京天文台副台长的南仁东,一把推开代表中国参会的吴盛殷的门,直率地说:“咱们也建一个吧。”

那时的南仁东才回国三年,此前在日本国立天文台当客座教授,一天的薪水相当于国内一年。可当北京天文台需要他时,他立刻就回来了。

南仁东参加早期的大窝凼选址。图片来源:中国国家天文(chineseastronomy)

从此,他参与到 FAST 设计的每一个环节当中,参加每一次会议。成员在做决定之前都要来听听他的意见。

关键技术无先例可循、关键材料急需攻关、核心技术遭遇封锁……从选址到建成的22年时间里,南仁东带领老中青三代科技工作者克服了不可想象的困难,实现了由跟踪模仿到集成创新的跨越。

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