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为高职院校支撑一片天

2017-09-14 09:06:29   新华网

今天,我们为一类学校准备了这样一个专题来迎接新学年。这就是在全国拥有1300多所学校、超过1000万学生,却经常被人忽视甚至误解的高职院校。她们是我国高等教育的重要组成部分,却经常被质疑“你们是大学吗”;她们面对偏见,努力为社会培育各行各业急需的一线人才;在经历了多年的发展之后,这类学校既赢得了产业市场广泛的赞誉,也处于不进则退的发展湍流之中。那么,怎样突破困境,继续向上向强发展,就是这类学校已经开始也必须继续下去的奋斗实践。当然,在这奋斗中,需要整个社会的集体反思和共同支持。因为,说到底,这类教育,关乎整个社会、整个国家的幸福指数和真实成就。

我国现代高职教育已走过了近30年的历程,尤其是近10年来,经过轰轰烈烈的示范校和骨干校的创建,高职院校整体办学水平和社会服务能力上了一个台阶,高职教育正在努力走向独特性、创新性和不可替代性。

在高职界热议“十三五”期间优质高职院校建设的当下,《中国2017高等职业教育质量年度报告》(以下简称《报告》)认为:“高等职业教育在高等教育领域被边缘化,在职业教育领域示范引领作用难以有效发挥,发展模式优势和现实存在感趋弱并存。”

这提醒我们有必要在高职教育迅速发展的同时,重新审视我国职业教育所面临的诸多尴尬,寻找高职质量发展的坚实路径。

  1 破解目标尴尬,探寻准确定位

高职院校与其他普通高校一样,首先必须解决好“培养什么样的人,怎样培养人,为谁培养人”这个大问题,教育部明确指出,落实立德树人根本任务,要坚持把德育放在首位,大力加强社会主义核心价值观教育,加强文化基础教育,加强中华优秀传统文化教育,把提高学生职业技能和培养职业精神高度融合。相较而言,企业和用人单位对“高素质”的理解就更为具体——良好的职业道德、对企业的忠诚度、规则和纪律意识、吃苦耐劳的务实精神和分工合作的团队精神等,是用人单位最看中的素质。近几年来,创新创业教育和“工匠精神”的培养成为高职教育人才培养中的热门词汇,一些高职院校把“高素质”等同于“工匠精神”,并试图在教育教学的全过程中融入“工匠精神”的培养。这一愿望虽然很好,但事实上,无论是体现创新精神的“科学家精神”,创业精神的“企业家精神”,还是体现精益求精产品制作的“工匠精神”,在学校教育目标中可以倡导引领,但不可简单地与专业人才培养定位相挂钩,否则,人才培养方案和教学计划的制定与执行必将是勉为其难。

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