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南京大屠杀史研究又获新进展
2017-09-07 17:46:54 中国青年网
新华社南京9月7日电(记者蒋芳)南京大屠杀史研究近日又获新进展——南京大屠杀事件的微观研究精确到小时甚至是分钟、犹太大屠杀和亚美尼亚大屠杀与南京大屠杀之间有诸多相似之处……以“南京大屠杀与日本战争犯罪研究”为主题的国际学术研讨会7日在南京举行,与会中外专家从各个角度对这段历史展开了跨学科对话与研讨。
出席本次研讨会80多名专家学者来自中国、日本、美国、加拿大等国30多所研究机构,他们从历史学、政治学、传播学、文学、绘画等多角度开展研究,共提交了52篇论文。
美国南加州大学犹太大屠杀基金会种族屠杀高级研究中心对犹太大屠杀、亚美尼亚大屠杀与南京大屠杀进行了比较研究,发现诸多相似之处。例如,日本与纳粹殖民扩张之间的联系,侵略军以战养战的政策与大规模的抢劫、掠夺和大屠杀之间的因果关系等。
“对涉及的动机和过程进行更复杂的研究表明,南京的种种暴行都是日本当局政策所导致的。”该研究中心主任沃尔夫·格鲁纳举例说,1937年12月24日,侵华日军16师团在一份报告中写道:“我们制定了一项规则,决定就地解决士兵口粮和马匹饲料问题。”这导致了超过10万名日军在通往南京的道路上有计划地抢劫和焚烧村镇,直到12月13日攻陷南京。
基于微观史学的研究同样取得了诸多进展。南京师范大学张连红教授通过对《拉贝日记》的研究,发掘出奥地利友人鲁佩特·哈茨救助南京难民的史实,并在奥地利、德国的档案机构搜集到珍贵史料。
有关专家认为,随着史料的不断发掘与国际比较研究的不断深入,带动南京大屠杀史研究从最初的回应式的史料发掘,到系统性、跨学科的研究。“宏观研究与微观探究相契合,历史学与多学科相融合,学术研究与和平教育相结合,此次会议展现出的新态势,标志着南京大屠杀史研究进入一个新的阶段。”侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆馆长张建军说。
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