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人民日报:中国制度是中国发展的根本保障
2017-09-07 05:11:46 中国青年网
经过新中国成立60多年、改革开放近40年的不懈奋斗,中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家,摆脱贫困落后面貌,成为世界第二大经济体,创造了人类社会发展的奇迹。而这一切归根结底是因为中国走出了一条适合自身国情的发展道路,建立并不断完善中国特色社会主义制度。可以说,中国制度是中国创造发展奇迹的根本保障。
中国制度激发了中国人民的创造活力。中国特色社会主义制度是在改革开放的进程中确立起来的。我们打破传统计划经济体制,建立充满生机活力的社会主义市场经济体制,确立公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度。我们坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,人民代表大会制度、政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度、基层群众自治制度等政治制度不断发展完善。我们坚持马克思主义的指导地位,开创文化繁荣发展新局面,以文化自信支撑道路自信、理论自信、制度自信,文化强国建设整体推进。我们高度重视社会建设,脱贫攻坚和改善民生取得显著成效,全民共建共享的社会治理格局正在形成。我们坚持“绿水青山就是金山银山”,生态文明建设深入人心,产权清晰、多元参与、激励约束并重、系统完整的生态文明制度体系正在形成。在改革开放进程中确立和不断完善的中国制度,激发了中国人民的创造活力,给中国带来深刻变化。
中国制度彰显了社会主义的优越性。首先,中国共产党是中国惟一的执政党,各民主党派是参政党,与中国共产党长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共,共同致力于发展中国特色社会主义事业。中国不搞多党竞选,不搞轮流坐庄。中国也不搞三权分立、两院制,而是实行人民代表大会制度,不断推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化。这种制度安排避免了政治纷争,能够集中力量办大事,有效维护社会稳定,为党和国家兴旺发达、长治久安提供了根本保障。其次,把社会主义与市场经济有机结合起来,使各种经济因素相互补充、协同发力,营造了健康有序的竞争和发展环境。再次,把增进人民福祉、实现共同富裕、促进人的全面发展作为发展的出发点和落脚点,不断提高发展质量、创新发展模式,实现发展与民生改善的良性循环。加紧建设对保障社会公平正义具有重大作用的制度,保障人民平等参与、平等发展的权利,不断推动改革发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。这些都从理论和实践上丰富了社会主义的内涵,形成了独具特色和优势的发展模式。
中国制度为发展中国家走向现代化提供了中国智慧。发展中国家如何实现现代化,是一个世界性难题。中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家,经过长期不懈探索,走出了一条不同于西方国家的新型现代化道路。中国道路既坚持科学社会主义基本原则,又赋予其鲜明时代特征和中国特色,打破了世界对西方发展模式的盲目崇拜和路径依赖,为广大发展中国家摆脱贫困落后作出了积极示范。一方面,中国不断扩大对外开放,吸引了大量资金、技术、人才以及各方面的有益经验。另一方面,中国坚持独立自主、自力更生,既把握发展规律、审慎行事,又大胆创新发展理念、转变发展方式;既不断提高经济效率,又重视维护社会公平,正确处理改革、发展、稳定的关系;既坚持人民主体地位、尊重群众首创精神,又强调加强顶层设计、推进国家治理现代化。中国道路的成功彰显了人类文明发展的多样性,为人类对更好社会制度的探索提供了中国方案。
(作者为浙江大学马克思主义学院教授)
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