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香港中文大学研发出人工智能技术诊断肺癌及乳腺癌

2017-09-06 21:36:42   中国青年网

新华社香港9月6日电(记者丁梓懿)香港中文大学6日宣布,该校研究团队利用人工智能影像识别技术判读肺癌及乳腺癌的医学影像,准确率分别达91%及99%,识别过程只需30秒至10分钟。研究人员称,此项技术可大幅提升临床诊断效率,并降低误诊率。

香港中文大学当日召开记者会,研究团队负责人、中大计算机科学与工程学系教授王平安介绍了这两项利用人工智能系统辅助的研究:自动筛查早期肺癌及快速检测乳腺癌转移。

据介绍,早期肺癌多以肺小结节的形式出现,医生主要通过胸腔电脑断层扫描(CT)图像去检查是否存在肺小结节,而每次检查都会有多达数百张断层扫描图像,医生仅用肉眼进行判断,费时费力。

该团队采用深度学习技术判读CT扫描图像,通过深层神经网络自动检测识别出可能出现肺小结节的位置,耗时30秒,准确率高达91%。

王平安表示,深度学习技术可提升技术敏感度,剔除疑似及误报。团队还将联合北京几所医院共同开发相关产品,以优化技术,尽早识别肺结节病变,为肺癌的早期诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。

对于乳腺癌的检测,医生一般会通过乳房X光或磁共振成像扫描,检测硬块位置。在检测淋巴结转移时,医生会切取一小块活组织为样本,在显微镜下检查淋巴结是否转移,以及肿瘤是良性还是恶性。而一幅数码活组织全切片图像的解像度非常高,档案大小可达1GB,相当于一部90分钟高清电影的储存容量,令检测过程复杂费时。

对此,王平安表示,团队开发的一种新型的深层卷积神经网络,分阶段处理乳腺癌的切片图像。首先,使用改良版的全卷积网络(一种对图像进行较粗略但保持高灵敏度的快速预测模型),重构出更为精密准确的预测结果,然后定位并挑选出含有淋巴结转移的图像。对比资深病理医生人工检测结果,该项自动化检测的准确度高出2%,达到98.75%,耗时只需5至10分钟。

据悉,该团队于5年前展开相关实验。王平安表示,期望在未来的1至2年,这项自动化监测技术能在香港医疗界广泛应用。

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