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环保部:今年秋冬重污染天气提前 天气形势不容乐观

2017-09-03 23:15:50   新华网

新华社北京9月3日电 题:环保部:今年秋冬重污染天气提前 天气形势不容乐观

新华社记者高敬

刚进9月的一场污染天气过程,勾起了人们对秋冬季雾霾的担忧。环保部3日发布消息,经有关专家初步分析研判,今年秋冬季天气形势不容乐观,重污染天气过程相对提前。

9月1日前后,北京等地空气质量转差,部分地区达到中至重度污染。中国环境监测总站的信息显示,4日白天,京津冀中南部中度污染过程可能持续。预计5日前后,受冷空气影响,污染形势缓解。

环保部有关负责人表示,这次污染形成过程和2015年、2016年9月中旬的污染过程相似,预示与往年相比,今年重污染天气过程相对提前。

“受北极海冰融化面积扩大、太平洋海温变化等因素影响,西伯利亚冷高压可能弱于常年,冷空气南下频次可能少于常年,太平洋副热带高压较常年增强,可能造成秋冬季的气温较高,湿度大。”他说。

为切实改善空气质量,环保部今年以来采取了“压茬式”强化督查、整治涉气“散乱污”企业等一系列强效措施,初见成效。自今年3月起,京津冀及周边地区环境空气质量持续改善。北京市3月至8月的PM2.5平均浓度仅为49微克/立方米,相比2016年同期下降了约25%,月均浓度均为2013年以来最低。

近几年京津冀及周边地区空气质量总体呈持续改善趋势的同时,秋冬季空气质量改善效果不显著,特别是2016至2017年采暖季PM2.5平均浓度同比出现小幅反弹,重度及以上污染天数减少幅度也不明显。

为此,环保部会同有关部门、省市人民政府,研究出台了《京津冀及周边地区2017-2018年秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚行动方案》等“1+6”配套方案。

攻坚行动聚焦“散乱污”企业及集群综合整治和高架源稳定达标排放,加大压煤减排、提标改造、错峰生产措施力度。尤其是把重污染天气妥善应对作为重要突破口,明确了重污染天数的下降比例,督促地方政府全力应对重污染天气。

这位负责人表示,将重污染天气应对作为当前工作的重中之重。为妥善应对重污染天气,环保部要求京津冀大气污染传输通道的“2+26”城市尽快完善重污染天气应急预案,统一不同预警级别污染物减排比例,将减排措施落实到清单上,做到“一厂一策”,确保应急减排措施取得实际效果。

同时,环保部要求大幅提升预报平台计算能力,将预测预报能力从7天提升至10天,提供充足的时间采取有效措施。

一旦出现重污染天气,环保部将强化督查监管力度。强化督查组将按照各地应急减排清单开展专项督查,确保减排措施落实到位。

为开展区域应急联动,一旦预测到区域性重污染天气,环保部将第一时间向相关城市推送预警提示信息,区域内各城市及时启动相关级别预警措施,减缓污染物积累,减轻重污染天气影响。

另外,一个跨区域的机构--京津冀大气环境管理机构也将尽快运行,助力秋冬季重污染天气应对工作。

环保部这位负责人同时提示,重污染天气应对需要全社会的共同参与和监督。在重污染天气预警期间,公众在做好健康防护的同时,从我做起,践行绿色生活方式,积极举报违法排污行为,共同打好蓝天保卫战。

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