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记者手记:中国,亟待从机器人大国迈向强国——世界机器人大会闭幕后的思考

2017-08-28 20:21:10   新华网

新华社北京8月28日电  记者手记:中国,亟待从机器人大国迈向强国——世界机器人大会闭幕后的思考

新华社记者陈旭、白国龙、阳娜

画沙画的协作机器臂、个性化的教育机器人、自动跟随的平衡车机器人……2017世界机器人大会刚刚结束,引发新一轮社会对机器人关注热潮,也给人许多思考。

思考一:科技指数级发展带来巨大推动力。

仿生水母在空中缓缓蠕动,像一位优雅的芭蕾舞者在翩翩起舞……工业机器人展厅内,不时可见智能机器人的身影。

瑞森可、费斯托、哈工大机器人集团等企业均推出了轻型手臂协作机器人,具有智能避让行人、手臂灵活抓取等特点,机械手臂的柔性,让观众赞叹。

仿生机器人并非只用来展览,论坛上出现的日本灾后仿生蛇形救灾机器人,就能在狭小环境中移动搜寻受害者。

世界机器人大会上展演的这些仿生机器人,折射出人工智能等当代高科技的强大推动力。

思考二:中国机器人产业仍亟待从大到强。

2016年我国工业机器人销售额达34亿美元,同比增长31.3%。中国电子学会近日发布的《中国机器人产业发展报告》指出,预计2017年我国工业机器人市场规模达42.2亿美元,占机器人市场规模总量的67%,我国工业机器人销量将首次超过11万台。

“中国是机器人大国,但还不是强国。”中国科学院自动化研究所复杂系统管理与控制国家重点实验室主任王飞跃介绍,这两年我国机器人领域得到突飞猛进的发展,但国内每万名工人中机器人的占有率还远远低于发达国家。

清华大学计算机科学与技术系教授孙福春介绍,去年我国工业机器人产量达7万多台,但核心零部件仍依赖进口。当前亟须提质增效,依靠联合的力量,加快建设机器人强国的步伐。

思考三:大市场不等于大利润,中国“机器人”附加值不高,亟待迈向中高端。

近年来,我国在人机协作、仿生机器人等方面取得了一定进展,但在核心技术上依然有所欠缺。

国产工业机器人基本只能在上下料、低速码垛、简单焊接等领域应用,附加值不高。慈星机器人董事长李立军介绍,制约国产工业机器人的最大因素是减速器、伺服电机、控制器等核心零部件的缺失。

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