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中国第一铁路长隧——高黎贡山隧道进入全面施工阶段

2017-08-28 12:40:56   中国青年网

高黎贡山隧道进入全面施工阶段 饶斌 摄

人民网龙陵8月28日电 (薛丹)8月28日上午,国内首台再制造TBM(硬岩掘进机)“彩云1号”在中铁隧道集团大(理)瑞(丽)铁路项目部二分部顺利始发,标志着高黎贡山隧道正式进入全面施工阶段。

大瑞铁路东起大理,西至瑞丽,全长约331km,设计时速140公里,是国家“一带一路”倡议中泛亚铁路(西线)中缅国际铁路通道的重要组成部分,对加强周边国家实现跨境合作、互通互联和加快边疆民族地区跨越发展具有重大意义。

全长34.538千米的高黎贡山隧道是中国第一铁路长隧,为大瑞铁路控制性工程。高黎贡山有着“三高四活跃”的地质特征,地质情况之复杂全国罕见,囊括了隧道施工的所有不良地质和重大风险,施工难度在世界隧道修建史上首屈一指。

中铁隧道局承担高黎贡山隧道29.307千米的施工任务,其中出口正洞14千米采用2台TBM施工,同时设1条斜井、2座竖井辅助施工。高黎贡山隧道的建设,创造了六项国内第一:隧道规划了24条线路,是中国铁路选线最多的隧道;隧道长34.538千米,是中国第一铁路长隧;1号竖井深764.74米,是中国铁路最深竖井;1号斜井长3870米,是中国铁路隧道最长斜井;“彩云号”TBM直径9.03米,是中国自主研制的国内最大直径TBM;“彩云1号”TBM,是中国第一台再制造TBM。

“彩云1号”曾在城市轨道交通建设中掘进6.6千米,中铁隧道局组织专家团队对其进行了适应性改造升级,强化了超前钻探及探测系统,增强了支护系统,提升了掘进速度,增大了顶护盾的收缩量,增加了双宿减速机设计,成为高黎贡山隧道“量身定做”的施工利器, 为隧道施工提供更专业、更高效的支持。

施工中,建设方采用新技术、新材料、新工艺、新设备突破瓶颈限制,技术骨干长期钻研和国内专家多次“会诊把脉”,探索出“利用≥800目超细水泥进行80米大段高工作面预注浆”和“地面深孔预注浆”等施工方法,有效地克服了岩层破碎、地下水丰富等难题。截至目前,高黎贡山隧道1号斜井施工已突破1000米,预计2019年5月进入正洞;1号竖井施工突破500米,预计2018年1月进入正洞。

大瑞铁路建成后,将连通中缅国际铁路中国境内的“最后一段”,由大理去往瑞丽,将由现在的六七个小时缩短至三个小时,昆明至瑞丽近700公里的路程有望“朝发夕至”。

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