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新华时评:预防为主减少“生命缺憾”

2017-08-24 17:36:24   新华网

新华社北京8月24日电 题:预防为主减少“生命缺憾

新华社记者王宾

8月25日是首个全国“残疾预防日”。中国残联等多部门将今年活动的主题定为“推进残疾预防,建设健康中国”,彰显全社会对增进残疾预防意识、加快残疾预防事业发展、减少“生命缺憾”的迫切需求。

近年来,我国残疾预防事业成绩卓著,但仍面临诸多新挑战。孕产前疾病筛查不充分、不细致,“富贵病”、精神疾患多发,慢性病导致老年人失能、半失能情况加重……致残因素多样化、复杂化趋势明显,使我国每年新增残疾人近200万。

当前,从以治病为中心到以健康为中心,健康中国版图上医学模式正发生深刻变革。世界卫生组织权威专家认为,利用现有技术可以使至少50%的残疾得以控制或者延迟发生。因此,摒弃先“致病”后“治病”的老套路,把健康风险消灭在“萌芽”,为全人群、全生命周期扣好健康的“纽扣”尤为重要。

近年来,我国新生儿出生缺陷防治工作取得显著成效,但每年新增出生缺陷病例仍然较高。这无疑要求我们进一步加强先天性残疾预防,在生命伊始把“第一粒纽扣”系好。医疗机构应在提高孕前健康检查率基础上,加快建立新生儿及儿童致残性疾病和出生缺陷筛查、诊断、干预一体化工作机制。

着眼于加强创伤性残疾预防,全社会需大力提高安全生产意识并加强职业病防治。相关部门尤其是安全生产高危行业和领域,应按照《国家残疾预防行动计划(2016—2020年)》要求,克服监管执法“宽松软”,努力降低创伤性残疾和职业病致残发生率。

随着“银发”浪潮到来,心脑血管疾病、糖尿病等慢病渐成致残的“危险杀手”。对于退行性残疾预防则要本着既病防变的原则,着力防控、延缓老年病、慢病导致患者失能、半失能。

点亮健康中国、减少生命缺憾,既是国家工程,也是全民责任。对个人而言,最好的预防莫过于坚持健康的生活方式——科学膳食、控烟限酒、积极健身,让幸福多一点、疾病少一点。

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