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扶贫小额贷款覆盖帕米尔高原 新疆边民生财有“道”

2017-08-20 16:46:21   新华网

新华社乌鲁木齐8月20日电(记者孙哲)随着扶贫小额贷款逐渐覆盖到大山深处,生活在新疆帕米尔高原的柯尔克孜族牧民正在加快脱贫步伐,过去仅靠游牧为生的边民开始生财有“道”。

位于中国最西端的新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州乌恰县吉根乡斯姆哈纳村,地处中国、吉尔吉斯斯坦两国边境,是中国最晚迎来日出、最晚送走日落的地方。

受地理自然条件影响,当地牧民的收入水平较低。48岁的托合塔洪·阿坦拜克一家是当地的建档立卡贫困户,夫妻两人都患有疾病,先前仅靠低保、护边等补贴维持生计,一家四口人的生活捉襟见肘。

由于传统金融机构为期1年的贷款期限,不能完全覆盖牧民较长的养殖周期,致使象托合塔洪一样的牧民往往无法利用贷款有效生产。去年7月,新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府联合金融机构推出面向全区建档立卡贫困户的“扶贫小额贷款”,实行3年期内、5万元内、免担保、免抵押、政府全额贴息的优惠政策。

2016年底,在当地邮储银行工作人员的帮助下,脱贫意愿强烈的托合塔洪争取到了村里的第一批贷款。利用3万元的贷款,托合塔洪购买了养殖周期短、回本快的羊以及可作为代步工具的马。养殖规模扩大后,托合塔洪一家的生活逐渐宽裕。

地处祖国最西端的斯姆哈纳村旅游资源得天独厚,有中国最西部的口岸——伊尔克什坦原口岸、“西陲第一哨”和77号界碑等景点,吸引了全国各地的游客慕名而来。信贷员帕尔哈提·玉买尔等人分析后,鼓励贷款资金还有剩余的托合塔洪利用自家的牛羊、柯尔克孜特色食品发展“牧家乐”,借旅游“东风”加速致富。

托合塔洪夫妻俩按照柯尔克孜民族特色风格,精心布置好毡房,将里外打扫得干干净净,准备好烤肉的架子,烧起馕坑的火,迎接四方游客。6、7月旅游旺季时,一天最多有近百名游客在他家的“牧家乐”中品尝特色美食,为一家人带来了每天至少1000元的收入。

一年多来,扶贫小额贷款已逐步覆盖到帕米尔高原的最深处。

同处克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州的木吉乡海拔3700米,高寒缺氧,环境恶劣,一年有9个月需要取暖,被称为“新疆边境第一乡”。这里的牧民大多对现代金融服务知之甚少,有了解的也“怕贷款后还不上钱”。为解决这一困境,信贷员与当地政府为贫困户宣讲各项政策、普及金融知识,逐渐改变了长期以来牧民不敢贷、无力还的局面。

木吉乡距离县城阿克陶有4个多小时的车程,乡亲们购置生活用品极为不便,颇有经营头脑的当地牧民艾克拉木·阿布都沙拉木便借助扶贫小额贷款办起了小商店,他还特地从喀什采购了一批进口食品,“商店的效益非常好,加上护边等补贴现在一个月能多出4000元的收入,我对未来还贷很有信心。”

摩托修理店、餐馆、小卖部……和艾克拉木一样,越来越多的木吉牧民借助贷款开展了各式各样的“副业”,截至目前,负责当地金融扶贫的邮储银行已为木吉乡413户贫困户发放扶贫小额贷款,累计金额达2065万元,覆盖全乡贫困户的88%。

新疆维吾尔自治区财政厅副厅长王彦楼介绍,扶贫小额信贷政策是新疆精准扶贫、精准脱贫的重要手段,在确保贫困户贷得到、用得好、还得上、能致富的基础上,要不断提升建档立卡贫困户自我发展的意识和能力。到2020年,新疆将确保现行标准下261万贫困人口全部脱贫。

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