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央广网合肥8月19日消息(记者刘军 通讯员周慧)记者从合肥工业大学获悉,该校化学与化工学院姚运金副教授课题组,首次研发出生物质碳复合功能相三维材料的制备工艺,以秸秆类生物质废弃物为原料,成功制备出多维数、多尺度、多形态的三维功能催化材料,可高效去除水体中有机及重金属有毒污染物,去除效率是纳米复合材料的50至100倍。
据了解,合肥工业大学姚运金课题组研发的制备工艺,是以秸秆类生物质废弃物为原料经化学活化后与金属二价盐及含氮化合物均相混合,通过高温热解制备出3D功能催化材料。该新型材料克服了传统热解法制备工艺复杂、还原处理风险较高以及非金属元素改性效果不佳等缺陷,极大提高了其在实际应用中的抗中毒能力、稳定性及重复利用性。每克该新型材料可用于吸附的总面积最高可达1500平方米,对目前广泛存在的持久性有机及无机类有毒污染物均呈现出显著的去除性能,且去除效率是纳米复合材料的50至100倍。
据统计,我国每年产生约2.5亿吨秸秆类生物质废弃物,而现有的生物质液化、生物柴油、堆肥填埋及直接焚烧等处理方法,均无法实现高效绿色的利用,如果处理不当还会危害环境及人体健康。合肥工业大学这一新型制备工艺,生物质原料资源丰富,工艺简单、成本低廉及易于大规模生产,实现了生物质废弃物的再利用及污染物的高效去除,具有广阔的工业化应用前景。
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