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30多城市增加充电桩补贴 电动车充电桩建设没“过度”

2017-08-15 07:24:32   央广网

30多城市增加充电桩补贴——

别担心,电动车充电桩建设没“过度”

近期新能源汽车领域最受关注的动向,莫过于政策性补贴的一降一升——根据2017年新能源汽车补贴额度比2016年降低20%、且地方财政补贴不超过中央单车补贴额50%的国家政策,多地调降了对新能源整车的补贴额度。与此同时,对充电桩的补贴则相对调升,如深圳市,比去年高出一倍;另如北京、厦门、贵阳、唐山、石家庄等30多个城市,都明确增加对充电桩的补贴。

“无论升降,补贴都不是市场机制,而是政府调控手段”。华北电力大学能源互联网研究中心主任曾鸣教授表示,电动汽车补贴很长一段时间了,但实施效果并不理想,骗补、拖欠都有发生,这跟政策出台当初考虑不全、分析不透有关。新能源汽车发展到现在,主要矛盾出现在车的保有量猛增而充电桩的便利性不足,这是补贴重点转移的的根本原因。

充电桩便利性不足,曾鸣介绍,除数量不够、布局不合理之外,更重要的是标准不统一,不同企业生产的车、桩不匹配,造成很大麻烦。而这些问题,不是市场主体单方面能解决的,所以补贴要及时向充电桩倾斜。

补贴倾斜利好充电桩,从一度建设滞后到现在适度超前,再到未来“爆发式”增长,会否产生舆论担心的“过度”?

“现在的问题是充电桩不够用,远远谈不上过度”,国内最大民营电动汽车充电运营商星星充电的华北大区总经理王常青一言以蔽之。“车桩比例失调是主要矛盾”,有效的车桩比失调现象更为严重,加上充电行业一直亏损,政府鼓励建更多充电设施是顺理成章的。

补贴一降一升,还是一个很好的政策导向,引导新能源整车制造商“去补贴化”,尽快生产出性价比更具市场竞争力的产品。

考虑到欧盟国家中,已有2040年、2030年甚至2025年全面禁售燃油车的计划,提前谋划、布局充电站设施更显必要。而在北上广等新能源汽车先发城市,新增充电站用地是一个难以逾越的瓶颈。就此,利用已有的加油站资源不失为一个好的选择。王常青认为,它有天然的网络布局、车主认可、停车方便等优势,在油、电车混用的过渡时期,可以新建、改建更多的油、电一体站,留足国家标准规定的8米安全距离即可;等到禁售燃油车时代,可以比较方便地改成纯充电站。

至于充电站的主流技术路线,王常青表示,公共充电设施还应以快充为主。充电时间“取决于充电功率,也取决于车”,目前的60千瓦、80千瓦直流充电,已经做到国内主流车型一小时左右充满电。他透露,星星充电正在研发350千瓦大功率直流充电装置,今年底就会有产品拿出,届时实现5—8分钟充满电,便利性“就跟燃油车加油不相上下了”。

当然,补贴向充电桩倾斜,同样不是市场机制,亦属过渡性安排。无论电动汽车,还是充电桩,“最终都要走向市场”。曾鸣、王常青同时强调。

本报记者 瞿 剑

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