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八达岭长城地下102米 有一座世界最深的高铁站

2017-08-14 11:21:41   新华网

(图:红色管道为求生通道)

  【能否保证安全?】上图中通体红色的管状廊道,现在是施工通道,未来将形成立体环形求生通道,乘客在车站的任何位置都可以在50米之内到达求生通道。

(图:4根竖直管道为通风井)

  【地下如何换气?】上图可以看出,车站第三层中央有4个通风井,新鲜空气可以从这里进去。

  【抗震性能如何?】中铁五局京张项目部八达岭隧道二号斜井技术主管许琪告诉记者,整个隧道按照高标准抗震设防要求设计,抵抗烈度为8度的地震是没问题的。

  ——特别的地下高铁站背后有多少挑战!

  【掌子面比篮球场大】从二号斜井一路下行,有一处宽阔的掌子面。这是一段暗挖隧道,跨度32.7米,高度19.5米,整个面积比一个标准篮球场还大。施工跨度大再加上隧道穿越军都山,地形起伏较大,无法采用盾构掘进机,只能采取爆破工法。

(图:多洞穴施工现场)

  【施工现场像迷宫】高铁八达岭长城站地下建筑面积36143平方米,车站内各类洞室共78个,断面型式多达88种,交叉节点密集,结构异常复杂,施工难度非常大。

(图:花岗岩山体)

  【地质条件复杂,步步惊心】同时,长城站需要通过花岗杂岩地层,岩性种类多,成分变化大,风化差异明显,地质条件也非常复杂。

  【地下交通调度也是挑战】施工高峰期13个工作面在逼仄的地下同时作业。仅2号斜井,就设置8条分通道,地下物流、交通等组织也是个挑战。

  【爆破难度大】地上有世界文化遗产、还有老京张铁路,施工中需要严格控制爆破对山体的影响。此外,地下洞室密集,爆破还不能造成相邻洞室围岩松动、支护变形等,难度非常大。

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