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综述:中国北极科考队开展多项作业

2017-08-10 18:44:17   新华网

新华社“雪龙”号8月10日电 综述:中国北极科考队开展多项作业

新华社记者 郁琼源

中国第八次北极科考队已于8月初进入北极高纬度航区,近几天成功开展了多项科考作业。据介绍,全球气候变暖导致的北极海冰融化使得“雪龙”号科考船前进顺利,国家海洋环境预报中心提供的海冰预报数据也为科考活动提供了帮助。

  多项科考作业

为对北极高纬航区的海冰开展长期监测,中国第八次北极科考队于8月3日至9日在北纬79度至81度航区开展了7个冰站作业,成功布放3套海冰物质平衡浮标、5套温度链浮标和1台冰基漂移自动气象站。

来自国家海洋环境预报中心的科考队员杨清华介绍说,海冰物质平衡浮标可实时监测雪冰温度、雪冰厚度、冰面气温、冰下叶绿素和溶解氧,以及海冰GPS实时位置;冰基漂移自动气象站可实时监测冰面2米和4米高度的温度、湿度和风速,以及冰面气压和辐射通量;这些浮标的设计寿命为1年,观测数据将通过卫星实时传输回国内。

据了解,世界气象组织于2017年5月正式启动了“极地预报年”行动,旨在集中开展现场观测和数值模拟国际行动,提高极地天气和气候预报能力。其中,“极地预报年”的第一个特别观测期是2018年2月1日至3月31日。杨清华说:“由于我们很难开展冬季的北极现场观测,而通过冰基浮标手段获取那时的北极海冰和气象现场观测数据无疑是一个最为可行的方式。”

同时,依据中国第八次北极科学考察业务化调查总体方案和考察队安排,科考队从8月3日开始执行“中央航道海冰与冰下上层海洋生态环境观测”调查作业,主要通过钻取冰芯,对海冰与冰下海水的现场环境进行观测和样品分析,从而了解中央航道所经海域海冰的理化性质及冰下上层海洋的生态环境,进一步为航道的开发和利用提供数据服务。

来自中国极地研究中心的科考队员蓝木盛说,截至目前,科考队在6个冰站开展了海洋生态环境相关作业,调查海域主要为加拿大海盆和楚科奇海台,采集冰芯样品超过80根,总长超过100米;还采集了24个层次的冰下海水和6个积雪样品。后续将利用取得的样品开展营养盐、叶绿素等理化环境分析,以及生物多样性及群落结构等方面分析。

  海冰之中通行

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