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滥用诉权原告“被撤诉”

2017-08-10 06:05:21   中国青年网

【案情】

2016年,靳某因扰乱社会公共秩序,被高平市公安局予以拘留十日的行政处罚。靳某不服,随后向法院提起诉讼。经审理后,法院认为靳某的违法事实存在,对其作出行政处罚符合法定程序决定。

靳某仍然不服,继而提起上诉。在本案开庭审理时,靳某不仅迟到半小时,还以其之前有民事案件在晋城中院审理未胜诉,本案同样可能遭受不公正审理为由,要求合议庭全体人员回避。但其申请回避的理由因不符合行政诉讼法规定的回避条件而被驳回。随后,审判长要求靳某陈述其上诉请求和理由,但其仍继续纠缠回避问题,并坚持要求晋城中院作出书面决定。审判长解释回避申请的决定可以口头作出并已经记录在案,如其不服可以申请复议,并多次提醒原告靳某庭审已进入陈述行政争议阶段,要求其向法庭陈述诉讼请求和理由,但靳某仍拒绝陈述,致使庭审无法正常进行。最终,法院对其按撤诉处理。

【评析】

根据法律规定,审判人员有下列情况之一的,当事人有权申请回避:一是本案当事人或者当事人、诉讼代理人近亲属的;二是与本案有利害关系的;三是与本案当事人、诉讼代理人有其他关系,可能影响对案件公正审理的。而本案中,靳某提出的不属于法定应当回避的理由,同时,靳某也未说明申请回避的合议庭具体人员、回避证据及证据线索等,晋城中院经审查也未发现合议庭成员存在与本案有利害关系或者其他关系可能影响公正审判的情形。鉴于上述情况,决定驳回其提出要求合议庭全体成员回避的申请。

关于拒不陈述诉讼请求和理由,能否按撤诉处理的问题,笔者认为,任何当事人都必须依法行使诉讼权利,遵守诉讼秩序,庭审中听从法庭的统一指挥,否则就应承担一定的责任或不利的后果。上诉人靳某不服一审行政判决提起上诉被法院依法受理后,其即处于上诉人的诉讼地位,依法享有上诉人的诉讼权利,同时也承担上诉人的诉讼义务。在该案庭审过程中,靳某拒不陈述其诉讼请求及理由,致使庭审活动无法进行,应当承担相应的法律后果。根据法律规定,原告或者上诉人经合法传唤,无正当理由拒不到庭或者未经法庭许可中途退庭的,可以按撤诉处理。靳某的言行,是以明示的方式拒绝法院对该案的审理和裁判,无异于自动退庭,自动放弃自己的诉讼权利,因此对其按撤诉处理。

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