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世界首例!沪上医院采用3D打印助患者颈椎“再生”

2017-08-04 12:57:27   中国青年网

人民网上海8月4日电 (龚莎)近日,上海长征医院骨肿瘤外科(长征脊柱肿瘤中心)肖建如教授研发团队为患有颈椎巨大软骨肉瘤的小文实施了世界首例6节段颈椎切除术,并为她安装上世界首个全颈椎的3D打印人工颈椎椎体,助其颈椎“再生”。日前,患者康复出院,恢复状态良好。

体重240斤的小文性格开朗,有一个幸福美满的家庭。然而,这种生活却在今年初被一纸诊断书打破了。近3年来,小文常感颈部疼痛、右上肢麻木无力,因不影响生活,也没引起重视。直到今年5月,由于右手臂无力难以持物,才去当地某三甲医院就诊。经核磁共振检查显示,发现小文的颈2至颈7椎体附件及椎旁有一巨大肿瘤,因肿瘤体积巨大及部位特殊,多家大医院都因手术难度及风险巨大而婉拒。几经周折,在多名专家的推荐下,小文及家人慕名来到了上海长征医院,找到了骨科医院院长兼脊柱肿瘤中心主任肖建如教授。

“尽管肿瘤体积巨大,手术难度超大,但还是可以切除,我们一起来努力吧!”肖建如教授的一席话让倍受煎熬的小文一家,终于看到了希望的曙光。

经过活检结果提示,小文罹患的是软骨肉瘤Ⅱ级,这是一种极易复发的恶性肿瘤,手术彻底切除肿瘤是治疗的关键,如果切除不彻底易局部复发,部分会发生肺等远处转移,而且对放化疗不甚敏感。

肖建如教授组织多次会诊,全面评估患者的病情特点,认为肿瘤病灶节段累及颈椎所有椎体,并侵犯右侧椎旁软组织形成巨大肿块;更严重的是巨大的肿瘤包绕右侧椎动脉及颈神经根,加之患者240斤的超重身材,脖子粗短,增加了术中显露及切除重建的操作难度。此外,术中难以控制的大出血、颈髓神经功能受损、高位瘫痪及自主呼吸困难等一系列并发症。

然而,要想骨肉瘤不复发,必须将肿瘤整块切除或大块切除以降低局部复发率。患者全颈椎椎体(颈2-颈7椎体)切除后超长节段的重建,需要定制匹配的超长人工椎体,但国内外现有的内固定产品无法满足这一超长节段且特殊结构区域的重建要求。无论切除与重建,摆在专家们面前的都是具有挑战性的世界难题。

经过充分讨论,肖建如教授团队在既往丰富的颈椎肿瘤切除重建经验总结基础上,决定创新性地利用3D技术,为其量身打造一个钛合金假体,以代替彻底切除的全颈椎椎体。手术前,医生们依据患者辅助治疗后最新的CT和MRI的影像学数据资料,通过医工结合和反复论证,按照1:1的3D打印复制模型,制造出一个14厘米的立体精确全颈椎假体。

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