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老鼠全头移植手术成功 下个接受手术或是中国人

2017-05-02 19:45:49   未来网

据英国《独立报》1日报道,意大利极富争议的神经外科医生塞尔吉奥·卡纳维洛所在团队近日对实验鼠成功进行了头部移植手术。卡纳维洛打算年底进行人头移植,但遭到一些知名专家的批评。

此次手术有三只实验鼠参与,科学家们将一只小实验鼠的头连接到另一只大实验鼠的身体上,制造出一种“双头”动物;然后利用一根泵,让第三只实验鼠朝被移植的头输血,以确保这个大脑不缺氧。

最新研究发表在《中枢神经科学与治疗学》杂志上,实验初衷是研究与血流到大脑以及免疫系统排斥新器官等有关的问题——在人体移植过程中也可能出现这些问题。

卡纳维洛打算今年年底在人类身上进行头部移植手术。他此前曾宣布,届时接受手术的病人可能是天生就患有罕见遗传病脊髓性肌肉萎缩症的俄罗斯人瓦列里·斯比利多诺夫,但后来又表示,接受首例头部移植手术的人很可能是一位中国人,这一变化中间的是非曲直仍不清楚。

此前,卡纳维洛和其合作者、哈尔滨医科大学的任晓平(音译)已进行了一系列与头部移植有关的实验。他们的方法涉及到用一种非常锋利的小刀切开脊髓,接着将身体置于低温状态从而使其愈合。

在一项实验中,他们表示,切掉了一只狗90%的脊髓,然后将其重新缝合;在另一项实验中,他们报告称在猴子身上进行了头部移植手术;第三项实验中,他们将老鼠的脊髓切掉,然后重新连接,老鼠能恢复行动能力。他们还宣称,已利用死尸进行了头部移植实验。

这些实验都没有经过同行评议,而且,科学界很多人批评卡纳维洛的实验过于耸人听闻。有些专家表示,没有充分的证据表明,移植人头能取得成功。美国神经外科协会会长赫特·巴杰也对头部移植计划提出了批评。他说:“我不喜欢头部移植发生在任何人身上,这是比死更可怕的事情。”

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