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云南现最古老卵胎生新鳍鱼类化石 距今2.44亿年

2016-11-17 09:48:43   昆明信息港

原标题:云南罗平发现最古老卵胎生新鳍鱼类化石距今2.44亿年

光泽肋鳞鱼雄性标本

雌性标本和雌性标本复原图

我国科学家在云南罗平发现了2.44亿年前的鱼类化石,命名为光泽肋鳞鱼,这是目前发现的最古老、最原始的卵胎生新鳍鱼物种。该研究成果发表在最新一期的《科学通报》上。

据介绍,新鳍鱼类是辐鳍鱼亚纲最大的演化支系,几乎分布于地球上各种水环境。除了多鳍鱼和鲟鱼,其他所有的现生辐鳍鱼类都属于新鳍鱼类。新鳍鱼类的起源和早期辐射是目前古鱼类学和进化生物学研究中的重要课题。

围绕这一课题,近年来中科院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所徐光辉研究团队在云南开展野外工作,获得了大量保存完好的新鳍鱼类化石标本。根据采集于曲靖市罗平县中三叠世安尼期海相地层的11块保存精美的鱼化石,徐光辉及其研究生马昕莹命名了一种新的基干新鳍鱼物种:光泽肋鳞鱼。

光泽肋鳞鱼是目前肋鳞鱼目最古老、最原始的代表,它比此前在欧洲发现的肋鳞鱼类要早两百万年,比我国贵州发现的东方肋鳞鱼要早四百万年。和其他肋鳞鱼类相似,光泽肋鳞鱼的雄鱼具有交配器(特化的臀鳍),用于体内受精。体内受精是卵胎生的必要前提条件,雄鱼交配器则是卵胎生新鳍鱼类的关键鉴定特征。

徐光辉说,卵胎生是鱼类为适应特定环境进化出的一种生殖策略。三叠纪卵胎生鱼类的出现可能与当时的海洋生态环境存在某种联系。但目前鱼类卵胎生的起源和环境关系还不清楚,需要进一步的研究。(云报全媒体记者杨质高)

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