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城乡社保并轨多地试点启动 标准向城镇居民看齐

2016-10-22 11:32:28   华夏时报

原标题:城乡社保并轨路径 多地试点启动,标准向城镇居民看齐

农业户口转成了非农业户口,社保如何转移和衔接?农民工进城打工后退休,养老金标准按照新农保还是城镇职工?随着城镇化进程的加速,城乡社保制度面临全面的衔接和整合。

近日,国务院发布了《关于印发推动1亿非户籍人口在城市落户方案的通知》,明确了2020年前,约1亿农业转移人口和其他常住人口等非户籍人口在城市落户的任务单,要求“十三五”期间,年均转户人口达到1300万人以上,2020年时全国户籍人口城镇化率提高到45%。

“新型城镇化的核心是人的城镇化,现代文明素质的形成以及在城镇化中要实现公平公正的社会权益四大要素,其中,社保体系的并轨便是社会权益中的一个重要方面。”10月18日,清华大学社会科学学院院长李强接受《华夏时报(公众号:chinatimes)》记者采访时表示,我国一直沿袭着城乡两种社保体制,如果将一个村民彻底转变为市民,那么,他们势必将享受城市的社保制度。据悉,针对城乡社保的衔接问题,各地近日都在抓紧做实验。

 城乡社保割裂严重

当前,城镇化进程中社会保障的制度割裂主要体现在群体分立、区域分离、城乡分割等三方面。也就是说,我国社会保险的政策、标准很多是不一样的,有单位和没单位不一样,富裕地区和贫困地区不一样,城市和乡村更不一样。

以安徽省的基本医保为例,从缴纳标准来看,机关事业单位、企业职工缴费标准是单位缴纳6%,个人缴纳2%;城镇居民缴费标准是每人每年350元;新型农村合作医疗的农民,以户为单位,每人每年缴费为150元。从报销比例上来看,行政事业单位和企业职工人员的报销比例大致为80%左右,城镇居民大致在60%-70%之内,而农民只能在50%以下。

“不同地区、不同行业、不同部门、不同身份之间缴费标准不同,享受的待遇也不一样,条块分割严重,难以形成全国统一的社会保障体系,缩小了互济范围,削弱了保障功能,影响了人力资源在不同地区、部门之间合理的流动,更是大大延缓了城镇化的发展,影响农民融入城镇的积极性。”10月20日,51社保网CEO余清泉接受《华夏时报(公众号:chinatimes)》记者采访时称。

随着我国城镇化进程的加快,人员流动日益频繁,就业方式不断变换,人们经常在城镇职工和农民工、城镇和农村之间转换,而不同的社保制度导致劳动者需要在不同的社保体系中变换,甚至因为身份的变换而有可能损失殆尽,造成农民不愿保、不想保的局面,无形中阻碍了劳动力的流动,更是影响了城镇化的进程。

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