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农业部官员:批准上市的转基因食品是最安全的

2016-09-16 15:21:54   中国经济网

转基因玉米

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全国媒体记者转基因报道研修班近日在长春举行,重点讨论了转基因安全性与安全认证的相关问题,并针对中国当前转基因产业化的路径和可能遇到的问题,以及国家转基因发展前沿的相关问题,进行了分析和展望。

期间,担任国家“转基因重大专项”总工程师的中国工程院万建民院士,农业部科教司转基因生物安全与知识产权处处长林祥明,吉林农科院生物技术所所长郝东云,中国农科院生物技术所研究员黄大昉等业界权威人士,还就近年来公众关注的舆论热点问题,与媒体代表进行了交流。

转基因重大专项

与国产大飞机项目在同一级别

与刚刚下线的国产大飞机项目同属一个级别,“转基因重大专项”全称“国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项”,是一项投入经费240亿元,计划用15年时间完成的国家级科研课题,是我国到2020年科技发展的重中之重。

简单地说,重大专项研究对象里既包括水稻、小麦、玉米、大豆和棉花等种植物,也包括猪、牛、羊这些动物。自从2008年立项以来,审定品种 124个,新品系4792份。根据现行的《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》,农业转基因生物试验要经过中间试验、环境释放和生产性试验三个阶段。只有通过这 些环节,才能拿到安全证书。由于目前公众对转基因技术并没有完全了解,舆论环境还不够成熟,所以大多数品种虽然被开发出来,但很多品种在拿到安全证书以后 并未投产运营。为慎重起见,目前的124个审定品种全部都是转基因抗虫棉花。而发放安全证书的6个品种,则仅包括转基因抗虫棉、转基因抗虫水稻、转基因植 酸酶玉米、转基因番木瓜。

据万建民院士介绍,在全世界的转基因技术体系中,中国综合实力排名第二,仅次于美国。例如,中国的转基因水稻研究目前就处于世界领先地位。

武汉大学杨代常教授利用转基因水稻作为“生物反应器”生产出可供人类使用的人血清白蛋白,作为人工血浆替代物,这项研究受到了国际广泛关注;转 基因水稻还开发出了一种有助于减肥瘦身的“高抗性淀粉转基因水稻”。与一般大米的淀粉成分不同,这种转基因大米的淀粉不易酶解为糖原,因此不但可以帮助瘦 身,对糖尿病患者来说更是一个福音;相关科学家还研究出了一种转ACEI基因水稻,通过让血管紧张素转化酶抵制剂在大米中特异性高效表达,从而促进血管扩 张,抑制血压上升,达到“药补不如食补”的效果。

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