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俄罗斯透露新"航母"计划 拟在2025年前开建

2017-07-25 11:43:56   央视网

据多家俄罗斯媒体报道,普京20日签署了俄国防部“2030海军发展计划”,其中提到要开发性能优于美国等海军强国的航母。另据俄新社报道,俄罗斯国防部副部长尤里·鲍里索夫日前表示,俄罗斯计划将在2025年前,开始建造新的载机巡洋舰,但他强调,最终的建造决定要在俄罗斯新一代空军装备问世后才会作出。

俄式"航母"——载机巡洋舰

鲍里索夫所说的载机巡洋舰其实就是我们广义上理解的航母,但是俄罗斯造船业不用“航母”这个词。因为美国和英国的经典航母曾经只承担把飞机送到作战区域的任务,而苏联过去建造的则是用途更广的战舰,能装备反舰导弹和强力防空系统。

载机巡洋舰最大的优势之一是在海战中有自我保护能力。“库兹涅佐夫”号的标配——射程550公里的“花岗岩”反舰导弹至今仍是对付大型水面目标的利器。但由于武器系统占据了很多空间,所以也限制了载机巡洋舰可携带的燃料、弹药和舰载机数量。

将首次安装电磁弹射器

据俄媒报道,俄罗斯现在唯一正在研制的载机巡洋舰是23000型风暴级。公开消息源显示,这种未来战舰大约长330米,宽40米,最大航速30节,自持力120天,可携带90架飞机和直升机。此外,它还将首次安装电磁弹射器,从而大大简化舰载机起飞。但据专家估计,它的建造时间至少需要8年,所以即使2025年前开始建造,可能也要在2030年后才能加入海军。

或搭载垂直起降舰载机

另据“今日俄罗斯”电视台网站报道,俄国防部正计划重启垂直起降舰载机项目。这种飞机或许会登上未来载机巡洋舰。国防部也不排除制造舰载版米格-35轻型战机的可能。

责任编辑:韩佟 CL1368
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