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卡外交“塌方”:沙特立威,伊朗受益,美国闹心

2017-06-06 09:58:49   澎湃

(原标题:卡塔尔遭“塌方式”断交:沙特立威,伊朗受益,美国闹心)

6月5日,一个面积不足1.2万平方公里,人口200多万的中东小国卡塔尔,吸引国际社会的关注。一天之内沙特、巴林、阿联酋、埃及、利比亚、也门和马尔代夫等七个国家宣布与卡塔尔断交,一时间卡塔尔在地区备受孤立,为什么中东地区突发断交潮?此次断交风波将驶向何方,是外界关注的问题。

中东断交潮持续迅速发酵

6月5日,巴林突然宣布与卡塔尔断交,之后断交事件持续迅速发酵,沙特、埃及、阿联酋、利比亚等中东域内国家纷纷跟进,宣布与卡塔尔断交。断交风波产生溢出效应,马尔代夫也加入与卡塔尔的断交“大军”中,卡塔尔一时间成为国际社会的关注焦点,同时也成为遭遇国际孤立的国家之一。

断交危机受到国际社会的高度关注。正在澳大利亚访问的美国国务卿蒂勒森表示,希望阿拉伯国家保持团结,鼓励各方坐下来共同解决分歧。伊朗外交部呼吁沙特和卡塔尔通过对话解决争端。土耳其外长恰武什奥卢呼吁通过对话解决问题,对现在的局势感到痛心,土耳其视海湾地区的稳定为土耳其自身的稳定。俄罗斯政府发言人指出,海湾地区稳定和平符合俄罗斯的利益,外交危机不会影响联合打击国际恐怖组织。中国外交部则表示,希望有关国家通过对话协商妥善解决分歧,维护团结,共同促进地区和平与稳定。

卡塔尔面对被动局面,也为自己辩护。卡塔尔外交部指出,卡塔尔是海合会的积极成员国,完全遵守海合会的章程,卡塔尔尊重其他国家的主权,不会干涉其他国家的内政,履行打击国际恐怖主义和极端主义的责任。沙特等国的做法缺乏合理性,毫无根据,不会影响卡塔尔人民正常的生活。

此次断交有以下特点:一是发酵迅速度快,一天之内多达七个国家与卡塔尔断交,彰显出沙特在海湾国家中的引领作用。二是此次断交潮是有组织性,带有一定的串联性质,因此出现同一天之内多国与卡塔尔断交。三是与卡塔尔断交的国家多元化,有海合会成员国,有北非大国,还有中东地区外的国家。

突如其来的中东国家关系变局,令国际社会大为意外。因为一般而言中东国家中以色列或伊朗经常是被“围殴”的对象,此次“围殴”对象居然是阿拉伯国家、伊斯兰教逊尼派国家、海湾国家,同时也是君主制国家的卡塔尔,为原本复杂难辨的中东形势增添了更多不确定性。

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