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日本国会将批准日印核能协定 日媒:拉印牵制中国

2017-05-18 01:08:56   参考消息

参考消息网5月18日报道 日媒称,日本众议院全体会议16日以多数赞成票通过日印核能协定批准案,该案被提交参议院审议,估计将在本届国会会期中获得通过。这给日本向未签署《不扩散核武器条约》的印度出口核能设施开辟了道路,日本的核裁军政策将迎来巨大转折。

资料图:安倍。新华社记者才扬摄

据本《朝日新闻》5月17日报道,16日举行的众议院全体会议上,一些在野党议员纷纷提出严厉批评说,“这将对《不扩散核武器》条约造成伤害”。日本国会审议的最大焦点是,印度仍然拒绝加入被日本视为“核裁军基石”的《不扩散核武器条约》,虽然印度在2008年发表了暂停核试验声明,但一直不愿签署《不扩散核武器条约》。

日本方面在谈判中曾主张在协定正文中写入“如果进行核试验就停止合作”条款,但这遭到印度方面拒绝。去年11月,印度总理莫迪赴日本访问时签署了该协定,但正文中未写明停止合作条款,而只在相关文件中记述了上述内容。日本与越南、土耳其签署的协定,都在正文中写明了停止合作条款,相比之下,与印度的核能协定发生了退步。

报道称,在这种情况下,日本政府仍坚持与印度签署核能协定,最大原因是印度经济增长使得电力需求激增,有着巨大市场。外务省相关人士指出,“经济产业省和首相官邸希望支持处于困境中的核能企业的意向起了重要作用”。

此外,还牵涉中国因素。安倍晋三首相去年夏天提出了“自由、开放的印度太平洋战略”这一新外交战略,这是针对试图在南海和东海扩大权益的中国,提出把亚太地区建成“重视自由、法治和市场经济的地区”,并把日印定位成发挥拉动作用的国家。

日本外务省前事务次官竹内行夫在接受《朝日新闻》采访时告诫说,“必须要警惕,在重视商机和地缘政治学之余,不能削弱重要的国际秩序《不扩散核武器条约》体制”。日本非政府组织“废弃核武器国际运动”国际运营委员川崎哲批评说,“如果不加入《不扩散核武器条约》也能得到核能合作,那么恐怕连朝鲜也会效法。这等于说是‘拥核者成赢家’,与日本所主张的核裁军背道而驰”。

报道称,虽然受到批评仍然推动协定签署的日本政府,对今后的估计也有狂热的一面。

多位日本政府相关人士透露,该协定是为让东芝公司进驻印度而签署的。美国核电公司西屋电气出现巨额亏空而破产,由于其母公司东芝公司签署了负担追加费用的合同,因此陷入了经营危机。外务省负责人表示,“东芝已经做了这么多,无法就此停手”。

东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核泄漏事故发生后,日本国内核能市场缩小。政府签署日印核能协定也是为了应对这个状况。核电站数目不再增加,为确保人才和技术,经产省希望从核能出口方面寻找出路。而印度是充满魅力的市场。

不过,经产省描绘的蓝图未必能够实现。核电站事故由电力公司承担责任是国际性原则,但根据印度的法律,反应堆生产商可能被索赔。某反应堆生产公司工作人员指出,“在赔偿责任不明确的情况下,风险较大,不能轻易进行出口”。经产省负责人则表示,“按照协定,周边设备也可以出口,但从技术角度考虑,如果不生产反应堆,就没有意义”。他认为协定的效果很有限。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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