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日本的对华态度正在微妙变化

2017-05-17 14:14:53   环球时报

习近平主席星期二会见了前来参加“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的日本自民党干事长二阶俊博,把他称为是“中国人民的老朋友”。日方很重视这次会见,据二阶俊博对媒体说,会见持续了17分钟,他向习主席转交了安倍晋三首相一封“饱含热情”的信件。另据报道,安倍表示,如果能够消除一些疑虑,日本将考虑参加亚投行的可能性。

资料图 中国国家主席习近平和日本自民党总务会长二阶俊博交流

日本政府的对华姿态像是在发生微妙变化。派代表出席“一带一路”高峰论坛,释放参加亚投行的可能性,被不少人看成是安倍政府在向北京示好。那么是什么推动了这些新姿态的出现呢?

这些调整有一定的试探性,而且是安倍政府在现实压力之下做出的。近一个时期,对中日关系有影响的领域出现了一些突出的新动向。它们包括:

第一,中美关系稳定了下来。习近平主席与特朗普总统海湖庄园会晤非常成功,美国在台海、南海等方向都调低了与中国摩擦的调门,特朗普还不断在朝核等问题上正面评价中国的作用,表达愿与中国加强合作的愿望。美国派代表参加“一带一路”高峰论坛,美国驻华使馆成立“一带一路”工作组,所有这一切有可能让东京有了紧迫感,担心对华偏执政策会使自己陷入孤立。

第二,特朗普正式抛弃了TPP,也不再提“亚太再平衡”,这也会让东京感到困惑。之前东京的对华政策与华盛顿的“亚太再平衡”战略是对接关系,现在它像被单独放在了前沿位置上。

第三,亚投行和“一带一路”推进得都很成功,在华盛顿对自由贸易和全球化表现出消极态度的时候,欧洲舆论出现了希望中国“发挥领导作用”的呼声。而且亚投行成员已经发展到77个,超过了美日主导、已经经营了几十年的亚开行67个成员数量。现在西方七国集团中只剩下美日两国没加入亚投行,形势会让日本预感到继续这么撑下去将越来越难受。

东京的对华心态显然还没扭转过来,与中国开展战略竞争、争夺亚洲主导权的思路对日本右翼精英来说根深蒂固。那些人至今不接受中国崛起的现实,并且把受美国压制的怨气转移到中日关系上,将与中国对抗作为支持日本民族骄傲的一种证明。

不过中日之间不断演变的实力关系以及亚太新的力量格局终究是要发生作用的,加上中国的对日政策相当稳定,即不在历史等原则问题上做让步,也不刻意强化中日竞争,不主动打压日本的国际空间,所以东京与北京对着干是费力而且没有希望的选择,日方难免会经常随着风吹草动而有所动摇。

现在的局势对安倍政府坚持强硬对华政策很不利。日本那样做需要实力跟得上,还需要美国同它站在一起,而如今这两条都显得不那么牢靠了。

日本二战战败后被美国军事占领,至今它的国土上仍有大量美国驻军,名为美日军事同盟,其实双方仍是占领和被占领关系,日本社会的政治心态长期是扭曲的。它对中国崛起的愤懑和对美国的全面折服有一定矛盾,这种矛盾成为一些日本人发泄不满的一种方式。

它的一个具体表现就是,日本在中日关系上钻进了地缘政治的牛角尖。现在要它再钻出来,不仅需要它自身的一场深刻战略反思,还需要全球性实力格局变化的不断推动。现在看来,这个过程正在发生着,但离出现一个决定性的转折点,注定还有一段距离。

中国应当意识到,我们早已是管控中日分歧的主动一方。因此我们有必要积极回应日方的每一次示好,对日本态度的反复也无需大惊小怪。时间在中国一边,我们对此完全可以成竹在胸。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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习近平会见日本自民党干事长二阶俊博

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