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日冲绳知事就美军基地搬迁向中央政府“宣战”

2015-10-15 08:24:04   环球网

【环球时报驻日本特约记者陈阳环球时报特约记者刘皓然】“冲绳县和日本中央政府开启‘全面对决’模式。”共同社14日称,冲绳县知事翁长雄志13日正式撤销备受争议的填海造地许可,阻断美军普天间海军陆战队基地的“搬迁”计划。在日本舆论看来,翁长雄志此举无疑是向中央政府“宣战”,此事最终可能通过司法途径解决。

共同社14日报道称,针对翁长雄志撤销名护市边野古沿岸地区填海造地许可一事,冲绳市防卫局与之进行“对抗”:该部门基于《行政不服审查法》向国土交通相石井启一提出审查请求,要求停止翁长雄志撤销许可的举措。防卫局在申请书中称,为避免工作滞后、日美互信关系受损等,有必要叫停县政府的相关举措。对此,翁长雄志表示,撤销许可的通报才发出第二天,就招致这样的阻力,日本政府推进新基地建设的强硬立场着实令人遗憾。共同社称,石井很可能批准防卫局的申请。

《日本时报》称,翁长雄志13日对负责填海工事的冲绳县防卫局下达通知,撤销填海计划,并重申自己将“采取一切可能手段阻止新基地迁址边野古”。翁长雄志在那霸市的冲绳县县厅召开记者会表示,原许可材料中存在多处瑕疵,县政府的决议有据可循。

同一天,日本官房长官菅义伟在东京对基地迁址表达强硬立场,称出于“安全因素”考虑,基地必须“搬家”,中央政府将考虑采取法律措施应对冲绳县政府的举措。他说,冲绳县前任知事仲井真弘多2013年批准的填海造地许可并不存在任何“法律瑕疵”,“撤销这一许可是令人极度遗憾的事,这是无视冲绳县官员为之付出的努力,无视中央政府着力削减普天间基地所存风险的决心。”防卫大臣中谷元则表示,中央政府会对冲绳县的这一举措“迅速采取应对措施”。他计划授权一项调查行动,最终通过法院禁令宣告冲绳县政府举措无效。美国国务院发言人托纳13日表示:“日美两国政府旨在实现边野古搬迁的决心不会改变。”

美联社称,普天间基地位于冲绳群岛宜野湾市中央,是美国海军陆战队在日本最大规模的武装直升机机场。日本政府打算将这一军事设施从人口稠密的宜野湾市迁至相对空旷、位于名护市的边野古沿海地区。美国媒体称,普天间基地事件远非“迁址”那么简单,该计划无异于在边野古地区建设一座全新的多用途基地,落成后或成为上世纪50年代以来美国在日本本土建造的第一座大型基地。

高度密集的外国驻军难免让当地民众感到不适。媒体称,除了不安全感外,民众从情感上也很难接受自己的家园被美国人“占据”。根据当地人诉求,该美军基地应该“彻底搬离冲绳”。翁长雄志正是因为竭力反对“迁址”计划于去年11月当选县知事,其坚决果敢的执政风格得到不少美日媒体称赞。美国《福布斯》杂志刊文称,仅从迁址一事的立场上看,65岁的翁长雄志也许称得上“全日本最勇敢的人”,“在日本,还有谁能像他一样,毫不退却地和日本政府、嚣张跋扈的日本右翼、‘亲安倍派’的日本媒体以及美国国防部等多方势力叫板?”他当选冲绳县知事前,担任过4任那霸市市长。分析认为,他“挑战”中央政府的勇气可能来源于多年的基层工作经历。

也有舆论对冲绳县政府的“胜率”表示担忧。共同社称,日本政府不少政要认为“胜券在握”,号称只要此事对簿公堂,政府“没有输的可能”。也有人认为,如果此事长期得不到解决,反对运动有可能从冲绳一处蔓延到全国,届时安倍政府压力更大。

冲绳地区的美军基地多达几十处,总占地面积相当于冲绳主岛的1/5,当地美军驻军人数多达5万人。这些军事设施历史上屡次遭到当地民众的抗议,地方政府认为它们严重阻碍了当地的经济活动。据统计,这些军事基地对当地商业活动的贡献不到5%,为当地就业市场的贡献仅为1.4%。

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