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人民军队的火种
——纪念广州起义工农红军总指挥叶挺将军
(一)翻开中国军队的发展史,值得佩服的人很多,感动的人也多。12月上旬的一天,笔者拜会了位于广东惠州市惠阳区的叶挺将军纪念馆和故居,补习了一堂内容丰富的军事历史课。
感谢秦馆长和张副馆长的热情接待,笔者参观完三个陈列室和故居,和两位专家话别时,夜幕已降临,月光朦胧,天空像隔着一层薄雾,撒落一地的冷清。将军坎坷的人生经历,让笔者的复杂思绪越过沉淀的心湖,一点点蔓延,一层层荡漾,久久地徘徊。一声声默默地叹息,牵动了各自激动的泪眼。
叶挺(1896.9-1946.4),广东惠阳客家人,先后毕业于广东陆军小学、武昌陆军第二预备学校和保定陆军军官学校,1919年初在粤军中任支队副官,同年加入国民党。1921年任孙中山陆海军大元帅府警卫团第二营长,1924年赴苏联入读莫斯科东方大学和红军学校中国班学习,同年先后加入共青团和共产党。1925年回国后担任国民革命军第四军(粤军)12师36团团长,独立团团长,在湖北汀泗桥和贺胜桥等战役中获“北伐名将”美誉。北伐军占领武汉后,部队扩编,升任第十一军第二十四师师长。南昌起义爆发后,任前敌总指挥兼第十一军军长。
八一南昌起义是中国共产党首次独立领导的、带有全局意义的一次武装暴动,打响了武装反抗国民党反动统治的第一枪,宣告了中国共产党把中国革命进行到底的坚定立场,标志着中国共产党独立创造革命军队和领导革命战争的开始,是创建人民军队发展壮大的重要源泉。在这个历史的重要关头,叶挺毫不犹豫,挺身而出,担任起义军前敌总指挥,所属三个师,一个师的师长蔡廷锴率部叛变,亲率一个师在汤坑被薛岳打垮,另一个师师长周士第以下团以上全部军官离队逃走,只剩下滇军老将朱德率800人坚持下来……
毛主席与叶挺在延安。
南昌起义由于客观上敌人力量过于强大,主观指导上缺乏经验,加之两次分兵,不能集中兵力歼敌,最后导致失败。但这次起义在全党和全国人民面前树立了一面鲜明的武装斗争旗帜,充分地表现了中国共产党和中国人民不畏强敌、前仆后继的革命精神。南昌起义荟萃的红军高级指挥员,形成了中国革命军队的高层骨干,从而奠定了中国革命胜利的人才基础,给人民军队留下了宝贵的革命火种。
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