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中越海战加速飞豹战机研发 首飞座舱仪表差点散架

2016-03-15 13:59:32   中国新闻网

18 年的含辛茹苦。美国搞F-15,投入了72亿美元,而我们“飞豹”的研制,花了10亿元人民币。为了中国的“飞豹”,两代人的青春与努力,才有了人民海军歼击轰炸机、水面舰艇、潜水艇“三位一体”的联合作战模式。

这一年当选为中国工程院院士的“飞豹”总设计师陈一坚,一首词抒发了心中的情怀:

千里南疆雾茫茫,故国土,自难忘。

狂涛骇浪,几处设国防。

…………

2000年

一连三四年,每到年底,我都陪着领导去贵航送温暖。这成为我难忘的经历。贵州是我国唯一一个全境都是山区的省份,它那郁郁葱葱、浮沉于雨雾之中 的馒头山,成为中国西南一片永远翠绿的胜景。而在那个崇山峻岭中,最多时有7万多职工在为航空工业的发展而奋斗着。在不利的自然条件下,贵航集团仍有一批 企业创利超千万元。就是一些困难企业,也在坚忍中拼搏,做出的甚至是牺牲。

贵航集团是我国军工三线建设中的最大企业,分布在贵阳—平坝—安顺一线的3个地区、3个市、8个县。“瓜蔓式”的绵延400多千米,方圆共 27000多平方千米,共有50多家单位。1965年开始建设贵航。周恩来提出,贵航1970年一定要建成!为了加快航空工业新基地建设,1969年毛泽 东签发军委命令,解放军工程兵52师进驻,这样进一步加快了建设进度。

当时建基地的条件极其艰苦。那时建厂用的水泥国家统一调配,需要到水城水泥厂去拉。那里只有两个装车位,排队拉水泥的车一般都是排上四五千米, 一排就是几天几夜,车一点点地向前挪,不能离开车,更不能睡觉,最长时间排了五天四夜,吃的就是烤饼就咸菜,喝的是溪水。最早建设三线的一批人,住的就是 牛棚、马圈和山洞。从工厂宣传部长岗位上支援三线担任基地党组副书记,最后又回到工厂担任党委书记的谢长吉回忆说:“那时候国家每人每月供应4两茶油,但 往往供应不上,双阳厂的职工有9个月没有给一两油。

三线航空人是可敬的。在建设三线中他们承受了种种的困难与磨难。有这样一件事:双阳厂的一个车间采购员很有本事,从皮革厂拿到了一些熟皮子刮下 来的下脚料,里面有碎肉皮、猪毛和杂物(我猜连现在的地沟油也不如,因为地沟油中油还是主要成分),约有200斤。工人们高兴得不行:“晚上炒菜有油 了!”下班后当大家拿着饭盒去领这些下脚料时,只听党支部书记一声断喝:“共产党员、共青团员都给我回去!”于是,这些人低下头,默默地走了回去。一次去 贵航,晚上到了贵阳小河看望我小学的同学。他叫王力,是贵航标准件厂工会主席,看到他家里除了一台电视,只有几件旧家具,我诧异地说:“好歹你也是厂领导 啊!”“我们这儿都这样。”他淡淡地说。后来他患肺癌去世了,虽然他从不抽烟。

时间到了1999年4月,当时的副总理温家宝到贵州视察青岛红星化工集团在贵州的红蝶钡业公司,忽然看到这个厂的大门口,还挂着一块“航空工业 龙岩飞机厂”的牌子,随行人员告诉他,这个厂的搬迁还没最后完成。温家宝当即改变视察行程,在龙岩厂的老厂区认真看了一遍,最后讲:“他们也很艰难啦!”

就在这样的条件下,贵航人于1970年生产了歼6Ⅲ型飞机,接着又生产了歼7 飞机,后来还研制了“山鹰”、歼教7飞机。搞了多种型号的航空发动机和无人机等。“山鹰”作为培养我国第三代战斗机飞行员的新型高教机,研制中曾10年未 在国家立上项,贵航人在极为困难的环境中咬牙坚持了下来,仅风洞试验就做了6000多次。2006年,贵航集团的销售收入超过了百亿元。他们还在困苦中孕 育和创造了令人极其感动的三线精神。

每去一次贵航,对我的人生都是一次洗礼!无论怎么说,当年“好人好马上三线”后,又“献了青春献子孙”这批人无疑是共和国的有功之臣。

后来我到处于三线汉中的陕西飞机制造厂,这个厂研发生产已成系列的中型运输机——运8飞机,是航空工业第二大的三线基地——汉中航空工业基地中 的主机厂。厂领导把我领到工厂后边的一处开阔的山包上,我们遥望着远处一座高高的大山。这座大山绿树茵茵,苍翠掩映。但唯有面向工厂的一面,约有40 度的山坡上,矗立着近百座坟墓。那是何等的悲壮,何等的震撼!“早年建厂时职工的都在那里!”“工厂第一任老厂长也在那里!”厂领导有些沉重地对我说。 “有人管这里叫创业山”,厂领导最后说。(文安)

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