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印度获准加入西方导弹“俱乐部” 利于获高端技术

2016-06-15 10:18:59   观察者网

此外,印度与俄罗斯联合研制了“布拉莫斯”式超音速巡航导弹,一直希望出售给第三国。“布拉莫斯”导弹射程290公里,可搭载重达300公斤常规弹头,最大飞行速度2.8马赫、即2.8倍音速。根据MTCR规定,成员国一般只可转让射程在300公里以内的完整火箭系统。如果在出售“布拉莫斯”导弹上取得进展,印度将首次成为重要武器出口国。

作为印度的近邻和地缘政治上的利益攸关方,中国不能不关注印度加入MTCR的影响。

中国目前不是MTCR成员国,中方肯定了MTCR作为导弹领域的多国出口控制机制,在延缓导弹及相关物项和技术扩散方面发挥的一定积极作用。中国在制定导弹出口管制条例和清单时,借鉴MTCR的准则和技术附件。

中国也表示加入MTCR的意愿。2004年2月和6月,中国与 MTCR分别在巴黎和北京举行了两轮对话会,并在当年9月正式申请加入MTCR。

对于此次印度加入MTCR,中国外交部在13日表示,对健全国际防扩散出口控制体系,我们一向持积极态度,这一点是毫无疑问的。

得陇望蜀,印度谋求加入核供应国集团

印度的下一个“野望”是进入核供应国集团(NSG),只有被这一拥有48个成员的组织接纳,印度才能够不受阻碍地进行民用核材料和技术贸易,以及成为全球核俱乐部“贵宾”。但这一努力一直面临阻力。

尽管美国总统奥巴马重申,美国对印度成为核供应国集团成员没有异议,但是,在印度上个月提出申请时,另一个核大国中国持保留态度。而与此同时,印度的“对头”巴基斯坦上个月也提出了加入申请。中国提出,印巴两国必须签署《不扩散核武器条约》以及其他终止核武器计划的相关规定,才能加入。

《印度时报》之前甚至“忿忿不平”地说,中国与巴基斯特正在密切合作,阻止印度加入NSG。报道还援引美国消息人士的话说,是在中国的暗示下,巴基斯坦在今年4月的NSG磋商小组会议提出了加入的意愿。

然而这个“锅”中国不背。6月9日,NSG主席阿根廷大使在奥地利召集了非正式会议。会上并没有审议任何有关印度或其他“非《不扩散核武器条约》(NPT)缔约国”加入NSG的议题。据外交人士透露,中国和新西兰、爱尔兰、土耳其、南非、奥地利等多个国家反对印度加入核供应国集团。

中国外交部12日表示,近一时期以来,NSG内部对“非NPT缔约国”这一类国家加入问题进行了一些讨论,但确实存有较大的分歧。下步,中方支持集团继续就此开展进一步讨论,以期早日就此形成共识。中方将继续建设性参与有关讨论。

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