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外媒:美解禁对越售武作用有限 越南没闲钱买

2016-05-25 08:53:39   参考消息

外媒称,美国完全解禁对越南的武器出口,两国关系将迈入新阶段。美国奥巴马政权为了制衡中国的南海战略,寻求进一步加强对华包围网。越南宣布美越关系实现“完全正常化”。不过,中越两国在政治和经济两方面具有密切联系,越南内心不希望与中国的关系出现恶化,正千方百计推进在中美之间保持均衡的外交。

“武器出口的解禁是长达数十年对话的结果,是两国关系发生变化的证明”,美国总统奥巴马在与越南国家主席陈大光举行会谈后的记者会上如此强调称。陈大光也表示“两国关系已完全实现正常化”,给人以美越关系发生转变的印象。

“如果武器出口被全面解禁,越南有可能购买反潜巡逻机‘P-3C’和大型运输机‘C-130H’”。5月13日,一位美军相关的匿名人士对越南网络媒体“Zing.vn”透露。

报道称,对于越南军方来说,强化南海监视能力是当务之急。1975年越南战争结束以后,美国一直禁止对越南出口武器,但由于中国在南海活动增强,美国于2014年10月解除了海上警备相关装备的禁运。但未解除大杀伤力武器出口。

截至目前,越南似乎并未从美国购买过装备。很多观点认为,全面解禁将使越南能够购买陆海空几乎全部武器,越南或许将正式启动采购。

报道称,但实际上越南购买美国武器仍然面临障碍。越南保有的战斗机、坦克、运输机和潜艇等全部武器的90%以上为俄罗斯制造。

美国制造的武器价格偏贵,即使是价格比较低的战斗机仍是俄罗斯制造的3倍至4倍以上。弹药、燃料和维护步骤等全部与俄罗斯武器不同,将部分武器换成美国造存在事实困难。

而关于P-3C等反潜巡逻机,“越南军方并未掌握潜艇螺旋桨噪声分析敌情等必要技术,几乎不可能使用”,越南政府相关人士透露。甚至有观点认为,禁运解除的实质效果仅限于越南战争期间美军遗留在前南越的直升机和坦克零部件的补充等。

金兰湾或成交换条件

美国为何在此时宣布全面解禁呢?报道认为,关键就在南海要冲金兰湾。金兰湾与南沙和西沙群岛的距离均约为550公里。如果利用金兰湾,将显著提高对南海的监视能力。

报道称,虽说越南淡化了金兰湾的军事色彩,但仍然拥有允许哪个国家停靠的选择权,金兰湾存在战略性运用的可能性。有军方关系密切人士透露,“全面解除武器禁运是美军停靠金兰湾的交换条件”。

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